महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-149, verse-47

अनिर्वेदः सदा कार्यो निर्वेदाद्धि कुतः सुखम् ।
प्रयत्नात्प्राप्यते ह्यर्थः कस्माद्गच्छथ निर्दयाः ॥४७॥

47. anirvedaḥ sadā kāryo nirvedāddhi kutaḥ sukham ,
prayatnātprāpyate hyarthaḥ kasmādgacchatha nirdayāḥ.

47. anirvedaḥ sadā kāryaḥ nirvedāt hi kutaḥ sukham
prayatnāt prāpyate hi arthaḥ kasmāt gacchatha nirdāyāḥ

47. sadā anirvedaḥ kāryaḥ.
hi nirvedāt kutaḥ sukham.
hi prayatnāt arthaḥ prāpyate.
kasmāt nirdāyāḥ gacchatha.

47. One should always cultivate freedom from despondency (anirveda). For, how can happiness arise from despondency (nirveda)? Indeed, one's purpose (artha) is attained through effort. Why do you abandon (your path), O pitiless ones?

Words meanings summery:

• अनिर्वेदः (anirvedaḥ) - freedom from despondency, cheerfulness, perseverance

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

• कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - to be done, proper to be done, duty, action

• निर्वेदात् (nirvedāt) - from despondency, from despair, from weariness

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because, surely

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - whence, from where, how, why

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, pleasure, ease

• प्रयत्नात् (prayatnāt) - by effort, through exertion

• प्राप्यते (prāpyate) - is obtained, is attained, is reached

• अर्थः (arthaḥ) - purpose, meaning, object, wealth, thing, goal

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what

• गच्छथ (gacchatha) - you (pl.) abandon or go astray (you (pl.) go, you (pl.) proceed)

• निर्दायाः (nirdāyāḥ) - O pitiless ones, O ruthless ones, O unfeeling ones

Words meanings and morphology

अनिर्वेदः (anirvedaḥ) - freedom from despondency, cheerfulness, perseverance

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anirveda

anirveda - not despondent, not disheartened, cheerfulness, perseverance

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'nirveda' (despondency).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nirveda)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• nirveda – despondency, despair, weariness, detachment
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix nir- + √vid (to know/find).
  Prefix: nir
  Root: √vid (class 4)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)

From pronoun sa (that) + dā (suffix of time).

कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - to be done, proper to be done, duty, action

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, fit to be done, duty, business

Gerundive

From root √kṛ (to do) + -ya suffix.

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

Note: Implies 'should be done'.

निर्वेदात् (nirvedāt) - from despondency, from despair, from weariness

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of nirveda

nirveda - despondency, despair, weariness, detachment

From prefix nir- + √vid (to know/find).

Prefix: nir

Root: √vid (class 4)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because, surely

(indeclinable)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - whence, from where, how, why

(indeclinable)

From kim (what) + tas (suffix for origin).

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, pleasure, ease

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, ease, comfortable

प्रयत्नात् (prayatnāt) - by effort, through exertion

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of prayatna

prayatna - effort, exertion, endeavor

From prefix pra- + √yat (to strive) + -na.

Prefix: pra

Root: √yat (class 1)

प्राप्यते (prāpyate) - is obtained, is attained, is reached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of āp

Present Passive Indicative

From root √āp (to obtain) with upasarga pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: √āp (class 5)

अर्थः (arthaḥ) - purpose, meaning, object, wealth, thing, goal

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, object, wealth, thing, goal

From root √ṛ (to go, move).

Root: √ṛ (class 1)

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Ablative singular of kim (what).

गच्छथ (gacchatha) - you (pl.) abandon or go astray (you (pl.) go, you (pl.) proceed)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of gam

Present Active Indicative

From root √gam (to go).

Root: √gam (class 1)

निर्दायाः (nirdāyāḥ) - O pitiless ones, O ruthless ones, O unfeeling ones

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, plural of nirdāya

nirdāya - pitiless, ruthless, unfeeling, merciless

Compound of nir (without) and dāya (pity/compassion).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+dayā)

• nir – without, out, away
  indeclinable
  Prefix/preposition used in compound.
• dayā – pity, compassion, sympathy
  noun (feminine)
  From root √day (to pity).
  Root: √day (class 1)