महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-149, verse-29

पञ्चभूतपरित्यक्तं शून्यं काष्ठत्वमागतम् ।
कस्माच्छोचथ निश्चेष्टमात्मानं किं न शोचथ ॥२९॥

29. pañcabhūtaparityaktaṁ śūnyaṁ kāṣṭhatvamāgatam ,
kasmācchocatha niśceṣṭamātmānaṁ kiṁ na śocatha.

29. pañcabhūtaparityaktaṃ śūnyaṃ kāṣṭhatvaṃ āgatam
kasmāt śocatha niśceṣṭam ātmānaṃ kiṃ na śocatha

29. Why do you mourn this thing, abandoned by the five elements, empty, and reduced to the state of a log, which is inert? Why do you not mourn your own true self (ātman)?

Words meanings summery:

• पञ्चभूतपरित्यक्तं (pañcabhūtaparityaktaṁ) - abandoned by the five elements

• शून्यं (śūnyaṁ) - empty, void

• काष्ठत्वं (kāṣṭhatvaṁ) - the state of being a log, log-likeness

• आगतम् (āgatam) - attained, reached, come to, reduced to

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what cause, on what account

• शोचथ (śocatha) - you (plural) mourn, lament, grieve

• निश्चेष्टम् (niśceṣṭam) - inactive, motionless, inert

• आत्मानं (ātmānaṁ) - the self, the soul (ātman)

• किं (kiṁ) - why, what, whether

• न (na) - not, no

• शोचथ (śocatha) - you (plural) mourn, lament, grieve

Words meanings and morphology

पञ्चभूतपरित्यक्तं (pañcabhūtaparityaktaṁ) - abandoned by the five elements

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pañcabhūtaparityakta

pañcabhūtaparityakta - abandoned/deserted by the five (gross) elements (earth, water, fire, air, ether)

Past Passive Participle

compound of pañcabhūta (five elements) + parityakta (abandoned)

Compound type : tatpurusha (pañcabhūta+parityakta)

• pañca – five
  numeral
• bhūta – element, being, creature
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (from bhū)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• parityakta – abandoned, forsaken, given up, left
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root tyaj with prefix pari-
  Prefix: pari
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

शून्यं (śūnyaṁ) - empty, void

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śūnya

śūnya - empty, void, hollow, non-existent, null

काष्ठत्वं (kāṣṭhatvaṁ) - the state of being a log, log-likeness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāṣṭhatva

kāṣṭhatva - state of being wood/a log, wood-ness, log-likeness

from kāṣṭha (wood/log) + -tva (suffix for abstract noun)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāṣṭha+tva)

• kāṣṭha – wood, log, piece of wood
  noun (neuter)
• tva – state of being, -ness (suffix forming abstract nouns)
  suffix (neuter)

आगतम् (āgatam) - attained, reached, come to, reduced to

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āgam

āgam - to come, to approach, to attain, to reach

Past Passive Participle

from root gam with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what cause, on what account

(indeclinable)

ablative singular of kim

शोचथ (śocatha) - you (plural) mourn, lament, grieve

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of śuc

present tense, 2nd person plural active

from root śuc, class 1, present (laṭ), parasmaipada

Root: śuc (class 1)

निश्चेष्टम् (niśceṣṭam) - inactive, motionless, inert

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of niśceṣṭa

niśceṣṭa - motionless, inactive, inert, without effort/activity

compound of nis- (without) + ceṣṭa (movement/effort)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nis+ceṣṭa)

• nis – without, out, away, free from
  indeclinable
• ceṣṭa – action, movement, effort, gesture
  noun (neuter)

आत्मानं (ātmānaṁ) - the self, the soul (ātman)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman), ego

किं (kiṁ) - why, what, whether

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शोचथ (śocatha) - you (plural) mourn, lament, grieve

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of śuc

present tense, 2nd person plural active

from root śuc, class 1, present (laṭ), parasmaipada

Root: śuc (class 1)