महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-149, verse-36

शोकं त्यजत दैन्यं च सुतस्नेहान्निवर्तत ।
त्यज्यतामयमाकाशे ततः शीघ्रं निवर्तत ॥३६॥

36. śokaṁ tyajata dainyaṁ ca sutasnehānnivartata ,
tyajyatāmayamākāśe tataḥ śīghraṁ nivartata.

36. śokam tyajata dainyam ca sutasnehāt nivartata
| tyajyatām ayam ākāśe tataḥ śīghram nivartata

36. śokam ca dainyam tyajata sutasnehāt nivartata
ayam ākāśe tyajyatām tataḥ śīghram nivartata

36. Give up grief and wretchedness, and detach yourselves from affection for sons. Let this (attachment or worldly concern) be abandoned in the atmosphere (ākāśa); then quickly turn back.

Words meanings summery:

• शोकम् (śokam) - grief, sorrow

• त्यजत (tyajata) - you all abandon, give up

• दैन्यम् (dainyam) - wretchedness, misery, humility

• च (ca) - and

• सुतस्नेहात् (sutasnehāt) - from attachment to sons

• निवर्तत (nivartata) - you all turn back, abstain from

• त्यज्यताम् (tyajyatām) - let it be abandoned, let it be forsaken

• अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine)

• आकाशे (ākāśe) - in the sky, in space, in the atmosphere

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, afterwards

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

• निवर्तत (nivartata) - you all turn back, return

Words meanings and morphology

शोकम् (śokam) - grief, sorrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - grief, sorrow, lamentation

From śuc + a

Root: śuc (class 1)

त्यजत (tyajata) - you all abandon, give up

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of tyaj

Imperative active

Root: tyaj (class 1)

दैन्यम् (dainyam) - wretchedness, misery, humility

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dainya

dainya - wretchedness, misery, helplessness, humility

From dīna + ṣyañ

Root: dī (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सुतस्नेहात् (sutasnehāt) - from attachment to sons

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sutasneha

sutasneha - affection for sons, attachment to children

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (suta+sneha)

• suta – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From sū + kta
  Root: sū (class 2)
• sneha – affection, love, attachment, oil
  noun (masculine)
  From snih + a
  Root: snih (class 4)

निवर्तत (nivartata) - you all turn back, abstain from

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of vṛt

Imperative middle

With prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

त्यज्यताम् (tyajyatām) - let it be abandoned, let it be forsaken

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of tyaj

Imperative passive

Present passive stem tyajya- + tām (3rd singular imperative ending)

Root: tyaj (class 1)

अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Refers to some masculine noun implicitly understood, perhaps referring to the attachment mentioned earlier, or a specific object.

आकाशे (ākāśe) - in the sky, in space, in the atmosphere

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, space, ether, atmosphere

From ā + kāś + a

Prefix: ā

Root: kāś (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, afterwards

(indeclinable)

From tad + tasil

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śīghra

śīghra - quick, swift, rapid, quickly (as adverb)

Root: śigh

Note: Used adverbially.

निवर्तत (nivartata) - you all turn back, return

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of vṛt

Imperative middle

With prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: This is the second instance of this word in the verse, implying a change of direction or focus.