महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-149, verse-65

भीष्म उवाच ।
इत्युक्ताः संन्यवर्तन्त शोकार्ताः पुत्रवत्सलाः ।
अङ्के शिरः समाधाय रुरुदुर्बहुविस्तरम् ॥६५॥

65. bhīṣma uvāca ,
ityuktāḥ saṁnyavartanta śokārtāḥ putravatsalāḥ ,
aṅke śiraḥ samādhāya rurudurbahuvistaram.

65. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca iti uktāḥ sannyavartanta śokārtāḥ
putravatsalāḥ aṅke śiraḥ samādhāya rurudhuḥ bahuvistaram

65. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca iti uktāḥ śokārtāḥ putravatsalāḥ
sannyavartanta aṅke śiraḥ samādhāya bahuvistaram rurudhuḥ

65. Bhishma said: Having been spoken to thus, those who were afflicted by grief and devoted to their sons returned. Placing their heads on their laps, they wept profusely.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

• उक्ताः (uktāḥ) - (those) having been spoken to (spoken to, addressed, said)

• सन्न्यवर्तन्त (sannyavartanta) - they turned back, returned

• शोकार्ताः (śokārtāḥ) - distressed by grief, grief-stricken

• पुत्रवत्सलाः (putravatsalāḥ) - affectionate towards their sons, devoted to children

• अङ्के (aṅke) - on the lap, in the bosom, on the side

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• समाधाय (samādhāya) - having placed, having fixed, having composed

• रुरुधुः (rurudhuḥ) - they wept, they cried

• बहुविस्तरम् (bahuvistaram) - extensively, profusely, greatly

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a Kuru warrior)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense

third person singular, active voice, perfect tense

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

उक्ताः (uktāḥ) - (those) having been spoken to (spoken to, addressed, said)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

past passive participle

derived from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Acts as a noun here, 'the spoken ones'.

सन्न्यवर्तन्त (sannyavartanta) - they turned back, returned

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

imperfect tense

third person plural, middle voice, imperfect tense

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

शोकार्ताः (śokārtāḥ) - distressed by grief, grief-stricken

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śokārta

śokārta - distressed by sorrow, grief-stricken

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+ārta)

• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
• ārta – distressed, afflicted, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  derived from root ṛ (to go) with prefix ā, or root ṛt (to suffer)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

पुत्रवत्सलाः (putravatsalāḥ) - affectionate towards their sons, devoted to children

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putravatsala

putravatsala - fond of children, affectionate towards sons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+vatsala)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• vatsala – affectionate, fond, tender
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to the people (parents) weeping.

अङ्के (aṅke) - on the lap, in the bosom, on the side

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of aṅka

aṅka - lap, side, mark, number

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head

समाधाय (samādhāya) - having placed, having fixed, having composed

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

prefix sam + ā + root dhā (to place, hold)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

रुरुधुः (rurudhuḥ) - they wept, they cried

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of rud

perfect tense

third person plural, active voice, perfect tense

Root: rud (class 2)

बहुविस्तरम् (bahuvistaram) - extensively, profusely, greatly

(indeclinable)

Compound type : adverbial compound (bahu+vistara)

• bahu – many, much, abundant
  adjective (masculine)
• vistara – extension, expanse, detail, profusion
  noun (masculine)

Note: This is an adverbial usage.