महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-149, verse-68

बालवृद्धसहस्राणि सदा संत्यज्य बान्धवाः ।
दिनानि चैव रात्रीश्च दुःखं तिष्ठन्ति भूतले ॥६८॥

68. bālavṛddhasahasrāṇi sadā saṁtyajya bāndhavāḥ ,
dināni caiva rātrīśca duḥkhaṁ tiṣṭhanti bhūtale.

68. bālavṛddhasahasrāṇi sadā saṃtyajya bāndhavāḥ
dināni ca eva rātrīḥ ca duḥkham tiṣṭhanti bhūtale

68. bāndhavāḥ sadā bālavṛddhasahasrāṇi saṃtyajya
dināni ca rātrīḥ ca eva duḥkham bhūtale tiṣṭhanti

68. Relatives, constantly abandoning thousands of children and the elderly (to death), themselves remain on earth, enduring sorrow for days and nights.

Words meanings summery:

• बालवृद्धसहस्राणि (bālavṛddhasahasrāṇi) - thousands of children and old people

• सदा (sadā) - always, constantly

• संत्यज्य (saṁtyajya) - abandoning (to death) (having abandoned, letting go)

• बान्धवाः (bāndhavāḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

• दिनानि (dināni) - days

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• रात्रीः (rātrīḥ) - nights

• च (ca) - and

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - in sorrow (sorrow, suffering)

• तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they remain (in sorrow) (they stand, they remain)

• भूतले (bhūtale) - on the earth, on the ground

Words meanings and morphology

बालवृद्धसहस्राणि (bālavṛddhasahasrāṇi) - thousands of children and old people

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of bālavṛddhasahasra

bālavṛddhasahasra - thousands of children and old people

Compound.

Compound type : dvandva (bāla+vṛddha+sahasra)

• bāla – child, young
  noun (masculine)
• vṛddha – old, aged, grown
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √vṛdh (to grow).
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of `saṃtyajya`.

सदा (sadā) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying `saṃtyajya`.

संत्यज्य (saṁtyajya) - abandoning (to death) (having abandoned, letting go)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From √tyaj (to abandon) with prefix sam-. Formed with -ya suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

बान्धवाः (bāndhavāḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāndhava

bāndhava - relative, kinsman, friend

Root: bandh (class 1)

Note: Subject of `tiṣṭhanti`.

दिनानि (dināni) - days

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dina

dina - day

Note: Duration of time.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `dināni` and `rātrīḥ`.

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

रात्रीः (rātrīḥ) - nights

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of rātri

rātri - night

Note: Duration of time.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `dināni` and `rātrīḥ`.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - in sorrow (sorrow, suffering)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - pain, sorrow, suffering, misery

Note: Adverbial accusative.

तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they remain (in sorrow) (they stand, they remain)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of sthā

present active 3rd plural

From √sthā (to stand), reduplicated present stem.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

भूतले (bhūtale) - on the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhūtala

bhūtala - earth's surface, ground

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhū+tala)

• bhū – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, plain, palm
  noun (neuter)

Note: Locative of place.