महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-149, verse-50

गृध्र उवाच ।
अद्य वर्षसहस्रं मे साग्रं जातस्य मानुषाः ।
न च पश्यामि जीवन्तं मृतं स्त्रीपुंनपुंसकम् ॥५०॥

50. gṛdhra uvāca ,
adya varṣasahasraṁ me sāgraṁ jātasya mānuṣāḥ ,
na ca paśyāmi jīvantaṁ mṛtaṁ strīpuṁnapuṁsakam.

50. gṛdhraḥ uvāca adya varṣasahasram me sāgram jātasya
mānuṣāḥ na ca paśyāmi jīvantam mṛtam strīpuṃnapuṃsakam

50. gṛdhraḥ uvāca.
mānuṣāḥ,
adya me jātasya sāgram varṣasahasram (asti).
ca (aham) jīvantam strīpuṃnapuṃsakam mṛtam na paśyāmi.

50. The vulture said: O humans, today more than a thousand years have passed since my birth. I have never seen anyone—neither woman, man, nor eunuch—remain alive without eventually dying.

Words meanings summery:

• गृध्रः (gṛdhraḥ) - a vulture

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• वर्षसहस्रम् (varṣasahasram) - a thousand years

• मे (me) - for me, indicating possession of the duration. (to me, for me, my)

• साग्रम् (sāgram) - more than, in the sense of 'over a thousand years'. (with a surplus, more than, exceeding)

• जातस्य (jātasya) - since my birth (literally, 'of my having been born') (of one who is born, of the one having been born)

• मानुषाः (mānuṣāḥ) - Vocative, addressing humans. (O humans, O men)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I behold

• जीवन्तम् (jīvantam) - one who is living (living, alive)

• मृतम् (mṛtam) - one who has died or is dead (dead, deceased)

• स्त्रीपुंनपुंसकम् (strīpuṁnapuṁsakam) - all categories of human beings (female, male, and neuter; woman, man, and eunuch)

Words meanings and morphology

गृध्रः (gṛdhraḥ) - a vulture

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛdhra

gṛdhra - vulture, greedy

Root: gṛdh (class 4)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac' (2nd class), perfect third person singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

वर्षसहस्रम् (varṣasahasram) - a thousand years

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of varṣasahasra

varṣasahasra - a thousand years

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṣa+sahasra)

• varṣa – year, rain
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
• sahasra – a thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Can be nominative or accusative singular neuter. Here it functions as a predicate nominative with 'me'.

मे (me) - for me, indicating possession of the duration. (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Enclitic form of dative/genitive singular of 'asmad'.

साग्रम् (sāgram) - more than, in the sense of 'over a thousand years'. (with a surplus, more than, exceeding)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sāgra

sāgra - with a tip, with a surplus, exceeding

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+agra)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• agra – tip, top, excess, beginning
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'varṣasahasram'.

जातस्य (jātasya) - since my birth (literally, 'of my having been born') (of one who is born, of the one having been born)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen

Past Passive Participle

From root 'jan' (to be born), past passive participle

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with an implied pronoun for 'me' (mama or asya) or refers to 'me' indirectly. Often used with genitive of person to denote duration 'since one's birth'.

मानुषाः (mānuṣāḥ) - Vocative, addressing humans. (O humans, O men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, man, pertaining to man

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I behold

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paś

Present Active

From root 'dṛś' (to see), present tense, first person singular active; 'paś' is the strong stem for present forms.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

जीवन्तम् (jīvantam) - one who is living (living, alive)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive

Present Active Participle

From root 'jīv' (to live), present active participle.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Agrees with an implied 'person' (like 'janaṃ') or 'strīpuṃnapuṃsakam' in a collective sense.

मृतम् (mṛtam) - one who has died or is dead (dead, deceased)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased, died

Past Passive Participle

From root 'mṛ' (to die), past passive participle.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Forms a correlative pair with 'jīvantam', implying 'one who is alive but not also dead (eventually)'.

स्त्रीपुंनपुंसकम् (strīpuṁnapuṁsakam) - all categories of human beings (female, male, and neuter; woman, man, and eunuch)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of strīpuṃnapuṃsaka

strīpuṁnapuṁsaka - female, male, and neuter; woman, man, and eunuch

Compound type : dvandva (strī+puṃs+napuṃsaka)

• strī – woman, female
  noun (feminine)
• puṃs – man, male
  noun (masculine)
• napuṃsaka – neuter, eunuch, hermaphrodite
  noun (neuter)

Note: A dvandva compound, treated as a collective neuter singular in accusative, object of 'paśyāmi'.