महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-114, verse-63

तामस्य विशिखैश्छित्त्वा त्रिधा त्रिभिरपातयत् ।
पश्यतां कुरुवीराणां सर्वेषां तत्र भारत ॥६३॥

63. tāmasya viśikhaiśchittvā tridhā tribhirapātayat ,
paśyatāṁ kuruvīrāṇāṁ sarveṣāṁ tatra bhārata.

63. tām asya viśikhaiḥ chittvā tridhā tribhiḥ apātayat
| paśyatām kuruvīrāṇām sarveṣām tatra bhārata

63. bhārata,
tatra sarveṣām kuruvīrāṇām paśyatām,
asya (arjunaḥ) tribhiḥ viśikhaiḥ tām (śaktim) tridhā chittvā apātayat.

63. O Bharata, with his three arrows (viśikha), Arjuna cut that spear into three pieces and made it fall, in front of all the Kuru heroes (kuruvīra) who were watching there.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that spear (that (feminine))

• अस्य (asya) - of Arjuna (his, of him)

• विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - with arrows, by arrows

• छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut, after cutting

• त्रिधा (tridhā) - in three parts, threefold

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three, by three

• अपातयत् (apātayat) - he caused to fall, he felled

• पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - of those seeing, of those watching

• कुरुवीराणाम् (kuruvīrāṇām) - of the Kuru heroes

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that spear (that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the 'śakti' (spear) from the previous verse.

अस्य (asya) - of Arjuna (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the agent, Arjuna, who performed the action.

विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - with arrows, by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of viśikha

viśikha - arrow, one without a top-knot

Note: Means by means of arrows.

छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut, after cutting

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root 'chid' (to cut).

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Denotes an action completed before the main verb.

त्रिधा (tridhā) - in three parts, threefold

(indeclinable)

From 'tri' (three) + 'dhā' suffix.

Note: Describes how the spear was cut.

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three, by three

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'viśikhaiḥ'.

अपातयत् (apātayat) - he caused to fall, he felled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Causative Imperfect Active

Imperfect tense form (laṅ, 'a-pātayat') of the causative stem of root 'pat' (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: The implied subject is Arjuna.

पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - of those seeing, of those watching

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, watching

Present Active Participle

From root 'dṛś' (to see), with 'paśya' stem, + śatṛ pratyaya, masculine/neuter, plural, genitive.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kuruvīrāṇām' and 'sarveṣām'.

कुरुवीराणाम् (kuruvīrāṇām) - of the Kuru heroes

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuruvīra

kuruvīra - Kuru hero, hero of the Kuru dynasty

Compound 'kuru' (Kuru) + 'vīra' (hero).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuru+vīra)

• kuru – a Kuru, name of an ancient dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
• vīra – hero, brave man, warrior
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive, refers to the observers.

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'kuruvīrāṇām' and 'paśyatām'.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the location of the Kuru heroes.

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

Derived from 'bharata' (Bharata) with patronymic suffix 'a'.

Note: Adresses Dhritarashtra or Sanjaya.