महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-114, verse-45

एवमन्यैरपि भृशं वध्यमानो महारणे ।
न चक्रुस्ते रुजं तस्य रुक्मपुङ्खाः शिलाशिताः ॥४५॥

45. evamanyairapi bhṛśaṁ vadhyamāno mahāraṇe ,
na cakruste rujaṁ tasya rukmapuṅkhāḥ śilāśitāḥ.

45. evaṃ anyaiḥ api bhṛśaṃ vadhyamānaḥ mahāraṇe na
cakruḥ te rujaṃ tasya rukmapuṅkhāḥ śilāśitāḥ

45. evaṃ mahāraṇe anyaiḥ api bhṛśaṃ vadhyamānaḥ te
śilāśitāḥ rukmapuṅkhāḥ tasya rujaṃ na cakruḥ

45. Even though he was being severely struck by others in that great battle, those gold-feathered arrows, sharpened on stone, did not cause him pain.

Words meanings summery:

• एवं (evaṁ) - thus, even though (thus, in this manner, so)

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others (warriors) (by others, by different ones)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• भृशं (bhṛśaṁ) - severely (greatly, severely, excessively)

• वध्यमानः (vadhyamānaḥ) - being severely struck (being struck, being wounded, being killed)

• महारणे (mahāraṇe) - in the great battle

• न (na) - not

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - did cause (they did, they made, they caused)

• ते (te) - those (arrows) (they, those)

• रुजं (rujaṁ) - pain (pain, sickness, suffering)

• तस्य (tasya) - to him (Bhīṣma) (of him, to him, his)

• रुक्मपुङ्खाः (rukmapuṅkhāḥ) - gold-feathered (arrows)

• शिलाशिताः (śilāśitāḥ) - sharpened on stone

Words meanings and morphology

एवं (evaṁ) - thus, even though (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others (warriors) (by others, by different ones)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Agent in the passive construction.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

भृशं (bhṛśaṁ) - severely (greatly, severely, excessively)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form

वध्यमानः (vadhyamānaḥ) - being severely struck (being struck, being wounded, being killed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being struck, being wounded, being killed

Present Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill), passive voice, nominative singular masculine

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Describes Bhīṣma's state.

महारणे (mahāraṇe) - in the great battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāraṇa

mahāraṇa - great battle

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+raṇa)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• raṇa – battle, war
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Location of the action.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb.

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - did cause (they did, they made, they caused)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of kṛ

Perfect

Third person plural, Parasmaipada, perfect tense

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Main verb.

ते (te) - those (arrows) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, they

Note: Subject of cakruḥ.

रुजं (rujaṁ) - pain (pain, sickness, suffering)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ruj

ruj - pain, sickness, suffering

Root: ruj (class 6)

Note: Object of cakruḥ.

तस्य (tasya) - to him (Bhīṣma) (of him, to him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Indicates for whom the pain was not caused.

रुक्मपुङ्खाः (rukmapuṅkhāḥ) - gold-feathered (arrows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rukmapuṅkha

rukmapuṅkha - having gold feathers/shafts (of arrows)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rukma+puṅkha)

• rukma – gold, golden
  noun (neuter)
  Root: ruc (class 1)
• puṅkha – feather, shaft (of an arrow)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes the arrows that are the subject te.

शिलाशिताः (śilāśitāḥ) - sharpened on stone

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śilāśita

śilāśita - sharpened on stone

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śilā+śita)

• śilā – stone, rock
  noun (feminine)
  Root: śī (class 2)
• śita – sharpened, whetted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śo/śā (to sharpen)
  Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Describes the arrows that are the subject te.