महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-114, verse-102

तस्मिन्हते महासत्त्वे भरतानाममध्यमे ।
न किंचित्प्रत्यपद्यन्त पुत्रास्ते भरतर्षभ ।
संमोहश्चैव तुमुलः कुरूणामभवत्तदा ॥१०२॥

102. tasminhate mahāsattve bharatānāmamadhyame ,
na kiṁcitpratyapadyanta putrāste bharatarṣabha ,
saṁmohaścaiva tumulaḥ kurūṇāmabhavattadā.

102. tasmin hate mahāsattve bharatānām
amadhyame na kiñcit pratyapadyanta
putrāḥ te bharatarṣabha saṃmohaḥ
ca eva tumulaḥ kurūṇām abhavat tadā

102. bharatarṣabha,
tasmin mahāsattve bharatānām amadhyame hate,
te putrāḥ na kiñcit pratyapadyanta.
tadā ca eva kurūṇām tumulaḥ saṃmohaḥ abhavat.

102. O best of the Bharatas, when that great-souled one, unequaled among the Bharatas, was killed, your sons could do nothing. And then, indeed, a terrible delusion (saṃmoha) befell the Kurus.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (context, referring to Bhīṣma's death) (in that, on that, to him)

• हते (hate) - when (he was) killed (killed, slain, destroyed)

• महासत्त्वे (mahāsattve) - in the great-souled (Bhīṣma) (in the great being, in the great-souled one)

• भरतानाम् (bharatānām) - among the Bharatas (a royal dynasty) (of the Bharatas, among the Bharatas)

• अमध्यमे (amadhyame) - in the unequaled (Bhīṣma) (in the unequaled, in the non-middle)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything (not anything, i.e., nothing) (something, anything, somewhat)

• प्रत्यपद्यन्त (pratyapadyanta) - they reacted/could do (they obtained, they reached, they replied, they reacted)

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, i.e., the Kauravas) (sons)

• ते (te) - your (sons) (they, those, your)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas (vocative, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O best of Bharatas)

• संमोहः (saṁmohaḥ) - delusion (saṃmoha) (delusion, infatuation, bewilderment)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

• तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - terrible (noisy, tumultuous, terrible, confused)

• कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it befell (it became, it happened, it was)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (context, referring to Bhīṣma's death) (in that, on that, to him)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhīṣma.

हते (hate) - when (he was) killed (killed, slain, destroyed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction.

महासत्त्वे (mahāsattve) - in the great-souled (Bhīṣma) (in the great being, in the great-souled one)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāsattva

mahāsattva - great-souled, having great courage/essence, a great being

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+sattva)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• sattva – being, essence, courage, goodness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying the implied Bhīṣma.

भरतानाम् (bharatānām) - among the Bharatas (a royal dynasty) (of the Bharatas, among the Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bharata

bharata - a descendant of Bharata, a king of India, a specific dynasty

Note: Used with 'amadhyame' to denote 'among'.

अमध्यमे (amadhyame) - in the unequaled (Bhīṣma) (in the unequaled, in the non-middle)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of amadhya

amadhya - not middle, unequaled, not inferior

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+madhya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• madhya – middle, mediocre, inferior
  adjective

Note: Adjective modifying the implied Bhīṣma.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything (not anything, i.e., nothing) (something, anything, somewhat)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kiṃcit

kiṁcit - something, anything, a little, somewhat

Note: Used with 'na' to mean 'nothing'.

प्रत्यपद्यन्त (pratyapadyanta) - they reacted/could do (they obtained, they reached, they replied, they reacted)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratyapad

Imperfect Middle, 3rd Plural

Prefixes: prati+apa

Root: pad (class 4)

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, i.e., the Kauravas) (sons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

ते (te) - your (sons) (they, those, your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you (singular)

Note: Enclitic form of 'yuṣmad' (you), genitive singular, acting as possessive adjective.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas (vocative, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O best of Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bharatas, best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, a king
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

संमोहः (saṁmohaḥ) - delusion (saṃmoha) (delusion, infatuation, bewilderment)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃmoha

saṁmoha - delusion, infatuation, stupefaction, bewildering

Prefix: sam

Root: muh (class 4)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - terrible (noisy, tumultuous, terrible, confused)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - noisy, tumultuous, turbulent, terrible, confused

Note: Modifies 'saṃmohaḥ'.

कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - a member of the Kuru dynasty

अभवत् (abhavat) - it befell (it became, it happened, it was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Active, 3rd Singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)