महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-6, chapter-114, verse-52
न चैष शक्यः समरे जेतुं वज्रभृता अपि ।
न चापि सहिता वीरा देवदानवराक्षसाः ।
मां चैव शक्ता निर्जेतुं किमु मर्त्याः सुदुर्बलाः ॥५२॥
न चापि सहिता वीरा देवदानवराक्षसाः ।
मां चैव शक्ता निर्जेतुं किमु मर्त्याः सुदुर्बलाः ॥५२॥
52. na caiṣa śakyaḥ samare jetuṁ vajrabhṛtā api ,
na cāpi sahitā vīrā devadānavarākṣasāḥ ,
māṁ caiva śaktā nirjetuṁ kimu martyāḥ sudurbalāḥ.
na cāpi sahitā vīrā devadānavarākṣasāḥ ,
māṁ caiva śaktā nirjetuṁ kimu martyāḥ sudurbalāḥ.
52.
na ca eṣaḥ śakyaḥ samare jetum
vajrabhṛtā api na ca api sahitāḥ vīrāḥ
devadānavarākṣasāḥ mām ca eva
śaktāḥ nirjetum kimu martyāḥ sudurbalāḥ
vajrabhṛtā api na ca api sahitāḥ vīrāḥ
devadānavarākṣasāḥ mām ca eva
śaktāḥ nirjetum kimu martyāḥ sudurbalāḥ
52.
ca eṣaḥ vajrabhṛtā api samare jetum
na śakyaḥ ca api sahitāḥ
devadānavarākṣasāḥ vīrāḥ mām eva nirjetum
na śaktāḥ kimu sudurbalāḥ martyāḥ
na śakyaḥ ca api sahitāḥ
devadānavarākṣasāḥ vīrāḥ mām eva nirjetum
na śaktāḥ kimu sudurbalāḥ martyāḥ
52.
This (Arjuna) cannot be defeated in battle, not even by Indra (Vajrabhṛt). Nor can the united heroes, including gods, dānavas, and rākṣasas, defeat me. How much less then can exceedingly weak mortals do so?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not (not, no, nor)
- च (ca) - and, nor (and, also, moreover)
- एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one (Arjuna) (this, this one)
- शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - capable (of being defeated) (capable, possible, able)
- समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)
- जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer, to defeat (to conquer, to defeat, to win)
- वज्रभृता (vajrabhṛtā) - by Indra (Vajrabhṛt) (by the wielder of the thunderbolt (Indra))
- अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)
- सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - united (united, together, accompanied)
- वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes (heroes, brave ones, warriors)
- देवदानवराक्षसाः (devadānavarākṣasāḥ) - gods, dānavas, and rākṣasas
- माम् (mām) - me
- एव (eva) - alone, indeed (only, just, indeed, alone)
- शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - capable (capable, able)
- निर्जेतुम् (nirjetum) - to conquer, to defeat (to conquer, to defeat, to overcome)
- किमु (kimu) - how much less then (how much more/less, what then?)
- मर्त्याः (martyāḥ) - mortals (mortals, human beings)
- सुदुर्बलाः (sudurbalāḥ) - exceedingly weak (very weak, exceedingly weak)
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not (not, no, nor)
(indeclinable)
Negative particle
च (ca) - and, nor (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Conjunction
एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one (Arjuna) (this, this one)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of etad
etad - this, this one, he, she, it
Demonstrative pronoun
शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - capable (of being defeated) (capable, possible, able)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya
śakya - possible, practicable, capable, able to be done
Gerundive (kṛtya)
From √śak (to be able) + yat suffix
Root: śak (class 5)
समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of samara
samara - battle, war, conflict
From sam- + √ṛ (to go)
Prefix: sam
Root: ṛ (class 1)
जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer, to defeat (to conquer, to defeat, to win)
(indeclinable)
Infinitive
From √ji (to conquer) + tumun suffix
Root: ji (class 1)
वज्रभृता (vajrabhṛtā) - by Indra (Vajrabhṛt) (by the wielder of the thunderbolt (Indra))
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of vajrabhṛt
vajrabhṛt - wielder of the thunderbolt, an epithet of Indra
Compound of vajra (thunderbolt) and bhṛt (bearing, holding)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (vajra+bhṛt)
- vajra – thunderbolt, diamond
noun (masculine) - bhṛt – bearing, carrying, holding, supporting
adjective (masculine)
From √bhṛ (to bear, carry)
Root: bhṛ (class 3)
अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
Particle
सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - united (united, together, accompanied)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita
sahita - united, joined, accompanied by, endowed with, fit, proper
Past Passive Participle
From prefix sa- (with) + √dhā (to place) + kta
वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes (heroes, brave ones, warriors)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra
vīra - hero, brave man, warrior, chief
Root: vīr (class 10)
देवदानवराक्षसाः (devadānavarākṣasāḥ) - gods, dānavas, and rākṣasas
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of devadānavarākṣasa
devadānavarākṣasa - gods, dānavas, and rākṣasas (as a group)
Dvandva compound
Compound type : itaretara dvandva (deva+dānava+rākṣasa)
- deva – god, deity, celestial being
noun (masculine)
Root: div (class 4) - dānava – a descendant of Danu, a demon, an asura
noun (masculine) - rākṣasa – a rākṣasa, a demon
noun (masculine)
Root: rakṣ (class 1)
माम् (mām) - me
(pronoun)
Accusative, singular of aham
aham - I, me
First person pronoun
एव (eva) - alone, indeed (only, just, indeed, alone)
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle
शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - capable (capable, able)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śakta
śakta - able, capable, competent, powerful, strong
Past Passive Participle
From √śak (to be able) + kta
Root: śak (class 5)
निर्जेतुम् (nirjetum) - to conquer, to defeat (to conquer, to defeat, to overcome)
(indeclinable)
Infinitive
From prefix nir- + √ji (to conquer) + tumun suffix
Prefix: nis
Root: ji (class 1)
किमु (kimu) - how much less then (how much more/less, what then?)
(indeclinable)
Particle formed from kim + u
मर्त्याः (martyāḥ) - mortals (mortals, human beings)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of martya
martya - mortal, human being, man
From √mṛ (to die)
Root: mṛ (class 1)
सुदुर्बलाः (sudurbalāḥ) - exceedingly weak (very weak, exceedingly weak)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sudurbala
sudurbala - very weak, exceedingly feeble
Compound of su- (very) + durbala (weak)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+durbala)
- su – good, well, very, exceedingly
indeclinable
Prefix - durbala – weak, feeble, infirm
adjective (masculine)
Compound of dur- (bad, difficult) + bala (strength)
Prefix: dur
Note: Agrees with martyāḥ