महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-114, verse-53

एवं तयोः संवदतोः फल्गुनो निशितैः शरैः ।
शिखण्डिनं पुरस्कृत्य भीष्मं विव्याध संयुगे ॥५३॥

53. evaṁ tayoḥ saṁvadatoḥ phalguno niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
śikhaṇḍinaṁ puraskṛtya bhīṣmaṁ vivyādha saṁyuge.

53. evam tayoḥ saṃvadatoḥ phalgunah niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ
śikhaṇḍinam puraskṛtya bhīṣmam vivyādha saṃyuge

53. evam tayoḥ saṃvadatoḥ phalgunaḥ śikhaṇḍinam
puraskṛtya niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ saṃyuge bhīṣmam vivyādha

53. While those two were speaking in this manner, Phalguna (Arjuna), placing Śikhaṇḍin in front, pierced Bhīṣma in battle with sharp arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - in this manner (thus, in this manner, so)

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - while those two (referring to Bhishma and Duḥśāsana) (of those two, by those two, for those two, from those two)

• संवदतोः (saṁvadatoḥ) - while speaking/conversing (of those speaking, while speaking)

• फल्गुनः (phalgunaḥ) - Phalguna (Arjuna)

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp (with sharp, with whetted)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Śikhaṇḍin (Śikhaṇḍin (a warrior))

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front (having placed in front, having honored, having made prominent)

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced (pierced, struck, hit)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in conflict)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - in this manner (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle

तयोः (tayoḥ) - while those two (referring to Bhishma and Duḥśāsana) (of those two, by those two, for those two, from those two)

(pronoun)

masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Used in a genitive or locative absolute construction with saṃvadatoḥ.

संवदतोः (saṁvadatoḥ) - while speaking/conversing (of those speaking, while speaking)

(participle)

masculine, dual of saṃvadat

saṁvad - to converse, to speak together, to agree

Present Active Participle

From prefix sam- + √vad (to speak) + śatṛ suffix

Prefix: sam

Root: vad (class 1)

फल्गुनः (phalgunaḥ) - Phalguna (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of phalguna

phalguna - Arjuna (born under the Phalguni star), a tree, a month

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp (with sharp, with whetted)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, keen, pointed

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ni- + √śo (to sharpen) + kta

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Agrees with śaraiḥ

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed, grass

From √śṛ (to break, to crush)

Root: śṛ (class 9)

शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Śikhaṇḍin (Śikhaṇḍin (a warrior))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - one with a crest, peacock, name of a warrior (Śikhaṇḍin)

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front (having placed in front, having honored, having made prominent)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From prefix puras- + √kṛ (to do) + lyap suffix

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - terrible, formidable, Bhīṣma (name of a Kuru elder)

From √bhī (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced (pierced, struck, hit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vyadh

Perfect Tense

Reduplicated Perfect (lit)

Root: vyadh (class 4)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, fight, conflict, encounter

From sam- + √yuj (to join)

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)