महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-4, verse-8

अथ पुत्रो विकर्णस्ते क्षत्रव्रतमनुस्मरन् ।
क्षीणवाहायुधः शूरः स्थितोऽभिमुखतः परान् ॥८॥

8. atha putro vikarṇaste kṣatravratamanusmaran ,
kṣīṇavāhāyudhaḥ śūraḥ sthito'bhimukhataḥ parān.

8. atha putraḥ vikarṇaḥ te kṣatravratam anusmaran
kṣīṇavāhāyudhaḥ śūraḥ sthitaḥ abhimukhataḥ parān

8. atha te putraḥ vikarṇaḥ kṣatravratam anusmaran
kṣīṇavāhāyudhaḥ śūraḥ parān abhimukhataḥ sthitaḥ

8. Now, your son (putraḥ) Vikarna, remembering the warrior's code of conduct (kṣatravrata) (dharma), stood bravely (śūraḥ) facing (abhimukhataḥ) the enemies (parān), despite his steeds and weapons being exhausted (kṣīṇavāhāyudhaḥ).

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - now (introducing a new statement) (now, then, thereupon)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - your son (Vikarna) (son)

• विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarna, a Kaurava brother in the Mahabharata (Vikarna)

• ते (te) - your (referring to Dhritarashtra) (your, to you)

• क्षत्रव्रतम् (kṣatravratam) - the specific code of conduct for a kṣatriya (dharma) (warrior's vow, knightly duty (dharma))

• अनुस्मरन् (anusmaran) - remembering his warrior's duty (remembering, recollecting)

• क्षीणवाहायुधः (kṣīṇavāhāyudhaḥ) - Vikarna, whose steeds and weapons were depleted (whose steeds and weapons are exhausted/destroyed)

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - Vikarna, who was brave (brave, heroic, valiant)

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - stood (facing the enemies) (stood, remained, situated)

• अभिमुखतः (abhimukhataḥ) - facing (the enemies) (facing, towards, in front of)

• परान् (parān) - the enemies (in battle) (enemies, others)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - now (introducing a new statement) (now, then, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates transition or commencement.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - your son (Vikarna) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarna, a Kaurava brother in the Mahabharata (Vikarna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikarṇa

vikarṇa - Vikarna (proper name)

ते (te) - your (referring to Dhritarashtra) (your, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Can also be dative.

क्षत्रव्रतम् (kṣatravratam) - the specific code of conduct for a kṣatriya (dharma) (warrior's vow, knightly duty (dharma))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣatravrata

kṣatravrata - warrior's vow, knightly duty, practice of a Kshatriya

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣatra+vrata)

• kṣatra – warrior class, dominion, power
  noun (neuter)
• vrata – vow, sacred duty, religious observance, rule of conduct (dharma)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the code of conduct (dharma) of a kṣatriya.

अनुस्मरन् (anusmaran) - remembering his warrior's duty (remembering, recollecting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anusmarant

anusmarant - remembering, recollecting

Present Active Participle

prefix anu- + root smṛ (to remember) + suffix -śatṛ

Prefix: anu

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Vikarna.

क्षीणवाहायुधः (kṣīṇavāhāyudhaḥ) - Vikarna, whose steeds and weapons were depleted (whose steeds and weapons are exhausted/destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣīṇavāhāyudha

kṣīṇavāhāyudha - having exhausted/diminished steeds and weapons

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṣīṇa+vāha+āyudha)

• kṣīṇa – exhausted, diminished, wasted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root kṣi (to destroy, waste) + suffix -ta
  Root: kṣi (class 1)
• vāha – steed, vehicle, mount
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root vah (to carry)
  Root: vah (class 1)
• āyudha – weapon, implement of war
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with Vikarna.

शूरः (śūraḥ) - Vikarna, who was brave (brave, heroic, valiant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - brave, heroic, valiant; a hero

Note: Agrees with Vikarna.

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - stood (facing the enemies) (stood, remained, situated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, remained, situated, firm

Past Passive Participle

root sthā (to stand) + suffix -ta

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions as the main verb 'stood' here (intransitive use of P.P.P.).

अभिमुखतः (abhimukhataḥ) - facing (the enemies) (facing, towards, in front of)

(indeclinable)

prefix abhi- + mukha (face) + suffix -tas (indicating direction/manner)

परान् (parān) - the enemies (in battle) (enemies, others)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, supreme, enemy, stranger