महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-4, verse-72

नृपाश्च प्रतियुध्यन्तः पराक्रान्ता विशां पते ।
कृत्वा नसुकरं कर्म गता वैवस्वतक्षयम् ॥७२॥

72. nṛpāśca pratiyudhyantaḥ parākrāntā viśāṁ pate ,
kṛtvā nasukaraṁ karma gatā vaivasvatakṣayam.

72. nṛpāḥ ca pratiyudhyantaḥ parākrāntāḥ viśām pate
kṛtvā na sukaram karma gatāḥ vaivasvatakṣayam

72. viśām pate,
pratiyudhyantaḥ parākrāntāḥ nṛpāḥ ca na sukaram karma kṛtvā vaivasvatakṣayam gatāḥ

72. O lord of the people, the mighty kings, fighting in resistance, went to the abode of Yama (vaivasvatakṣayam) after performing a difficult feat (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• नृपाः (nṛpāḥ) - kings, rulers

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• प्रतियुध्यन्तः (pratiyudhyantaḥ) - fighting back, resisting, contending against

• पराक्रान्ताः (parākrāntāḥ) - valorous and mighty in their resistance (valorous, mighty, powerful, overcome)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of subjects

• पते (pate) - Addressing King Dhṛtarāṣṭra as the 'lord of the people' (O lord, O master)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed, having made

• न (na) - not, no

• सुकरम् (sukaram) - something not easy to accomplish, a difficult task (easy to do, feasible)

• कर्म (karma) - a difficult feat or action (karma) (deed, action, work (karma))

• गताः (gatāḥ) - departed (died), reached the abode of Yama (went, reached, departed)

• वैवस्वतक्षयम् (vaivasvatakṣayam) - to the realm of Yama (the god of death), signifying death (to the abode of Yama, to death)

Words meanings and morphology

नृपाः (nṛpāḥ) - kings, rulers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

प्रतियुध्यन्तः (pratiyudhyantaḥ) - fighting back, resisting, contending against

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pratiyudhyat

pratiyudhyat - fighting against, resisting, contending with

Present Participle (Parasmaipada)

Derived from root yudh- (to fight) with upasarga prati-

Prefix: prati

Root: yudh (class 4)

पराक्रान्ताः (parākrāntāḥ) - valorous and mighty in their resistance (valorous, mighty, powerful, overcome)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parākrānta

parākrānta - valorous, mighty, powerful; also, overcome, conquered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kram- (to step, to go) with upasarga parā-

Prefix: parā

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Used here as an adjective meaning 'mighty' or 'valorous', not 'overcome'.

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, a settlement, a class of society (Vaiśya)

पते (pate) - Addressing King Dhṛtarāṣṭra as the 'lord of the people' (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, owner

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed, having made

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Absolutive)

Derived from root kṛ- (to do, to make) with suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सुकरम् (sukaram) - something not easy to accomplish, a difficult task (easy to do, feasible)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukara

sukara - easy to do, feasible, easy

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+kara)

• su – good, well, easily, very
  indeclinable
• kara – doing, making, causing
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from root kṛ- (to do, to make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

कर्म (karma) - a difficult feat or action (karma) (deed, action, work (karma))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - deed, action, work, ritual action, destiny (karma)

Derived from root kṛ- (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

गताः (gatāḥ) - departed (died), reached the abode of Yama (went, reached, departed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, reached, obtained, departed, dead

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam- (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used here with an active sense of 'went' or 'departed'.

वैवस्वतक्षयम् (vaivasvatakṣayam) - to the realm of Yama (the god of death), signifying death (to the abode of Yama, to death)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaivasvatakṣaya

vaivasvatakṣaya - the destruction by Yama, the abode of Yama, death

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaivasvata+kṣaya)

• vaivasvata – Yama (the son of Vivasvat, the sun god), relating to Vivasvat
  proper noun (masculine)
• kṣaya – abode, dwelling, destruction, end, loss
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)