महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-4, verse-36

वसातयो महाराज द्विसाहस्राः प्रहारिणः ।
शूरसेनाश्च विक्रान्ताः सर्वे युधि निपातिताः ॥३६॥

36. vasātayo mahārāja dvisāhasrāḥ prahāriṇaḥ ,
śūrasenāśca vikrāntāḥ sarve yudhi nipātitāḥ.

36. vasātayaḥ mahārāja dvisāhasrāḥ prahāriṇaḥ
śūrasenāḥ ca vikrāntāḥ sarve yudhi nipātitāḥ

36. mahārāja,
dvisāhasrāḥ prahāriṇaḥ vasātayaḥ ca vikrāntāḥ śūrasenāḥ,
sarve yudhi nipātitāḥ.

36. O great king (mahārāja), the two thousand Vasatis, who were formidable warriors, and all the valiant Shurasenas, were struck down in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• वसातयः (vasātayaḥ) - the Vasatis (name of a people/tribe)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

• द्विसाहस्राः (dvisāhasrāḥ) - two thousand (in number)

• प्रहारिणः (prahāriṇaḥ) - formidable warriors (attackers, strikers, warriors)

• शूरसेनाः (śūrasenāḥ) - the Shurasenas (name of a people/tribe)

• च (ca) - and, also

• विक्रान्ताः (vikrāntāḥ) - valiant, brave, mighty

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

• निपातिताः (nipātitāḥ) - struck down, slain, caused to fall

Words meanings and morphology

वसातयः (vasātayaḥ) - the Vasatis (name of a people/tribe)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vasāti

vasāti - Vasati (name of a tribe or people in ancient India)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārājan

mahārājan - great king, emperor

Compound: `mahā` (great) + `rājan` (king).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Used to address Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

द्विसाहस्राः (dvisāhasrāḥ) - two thousand (in number)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvisāhasra

dvisāhasra - two thousand

Compound `dvi` (two) + `sāhasra` (thousand).

Compound type : dvigu (dvi+sāhasra)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• sāhasra – a thousand, consisting of a thousand
  adjective (neuter)
  From `sahasra` (thousand) + `aṇ` suffix.

Note: Agrees with 'vasātayaḥ'.

प्रहारिणः (prahāriṇaḥ) - formidable warriors (attackers, strikers, warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prahārin

prahārin - attacker, striker, warrior

Agent noun

From root `hṛ` (to strike, carry) with upasarga `pra` and suffix `ṇini` (agent).

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vasātayaḥ'.

शूरसेनाः (śūrasenāḥ) - the Shurasenas (name of a people/tribe)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūrasena

śūrasena - Shurasena (name of a tribe or people, also a country)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the Vasatis and Shurasenas.

विक्रान्ताः (vikrāntāḥ) - valiant, brave, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vikrānta

vikrānta - valiant, brave, mighty, courageous

Past Passive Participle

From root `kram` (to step, go) with upasarga `vi` and suffix `kta`.

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śūrasenāḥ'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Refers to both groups (Vasatis and Shurasenas).

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, war, fight

Locative singular of `yudh` (feminine noun).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the location of the action.

निपातिताः (nipātitāḥ) - struck down, slain, caused to fall

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nipātita

nipātita - struck down, slain, caused to fall, killed

Causative Past Passive Participle

From causative stem of `pat` (to fall), `pātaya`, with upasarga `ni` and suffix `kta`.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence, agreeing with 'sarve'.