महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-4, verse-6

हतशिष्टस्य भीष्मेण द्रोणेन च महात्मना ।
अर्धं निहत्य सैन्यस्य कर्णो वैकर्तनो हतः ॥६॥

6. hataśiṣṭasya bhīṣmeṇa droṇena ca mahātmanā ,
ardhaṁ nihatya sainyasya karṇo vaikartano hataḥ.

6. hataśiṣṭasya bhīṣmeṇa droṇena ca mahātmanā ardham
nihatya sainyasya karṇaḥ vaikartanaḥ hataḥ

6. bhīṣmeṇa ca mahātmanā droṇena hataśiṣṭasya
sainyasya ardham nihatya vaikartanaḥ karṇaḥ hataḥ

6. After a portion of the army had been slain by Bhishma and the great-souled (mahātmanā) Drona, Karna, the son of Vikartana (vaikartano), having destroyed half of the remaining forces, was himself killed.

Words meanings summery:

• हतशिष्टस्य (hataśiṣṭasya) - of the portion of the army remaining after being killed by Bhishma and Drona (of those remaining after being killed, of the remnants of the slain)

• भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma, a renowned warrior in the Mahabharata (by Bhishma)

• द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Drona, a prominent warrior and teacher in the Mahabharata (by Drona)

• च (ca) - and

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - modifying Bhishma and Drona, who were great-souled (mahātman) (by the great-souled one, by the noble one)

• अर्धम् (ardham) - half of the army (half, a half)

• निहत्य (nihatya) - Karna having destroyed half (having killed, having destroyed)

• सैन्यस्य (sainyasya) - of the remaining army (of the army, of the host)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna, a major warrior in the Mahabharata (Karna)

• वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - Karna, known as Vaikartana, a patronymic (son of Vikartana (Sun god), related to Vikartana)

• हतः (hataḥ) - was killed (Karna was killed) (killed, slain, destroyed)

Words meanings and morphology

हतशिष्टस्य (hataśiṣṭasya) - of the portion of the army remaining after being killed by Bhishma and Drona (of those remaining after being killed, of the remnants of the slain)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of hataśiṣṭa

hataśiṣṭa - remaining from the slain, remnant of the killed

Compound type : tatpurusha (hata+śiṣṭa)

• hata – killed, slain
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root han (to strike, kill) + suffix -ta
  Root: han (class 2)
• śiṣṭa – remaining, left, remnant
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root śiṣ (to leave, remain) + suffix -ta
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Used as a substantive here, referring to the 'remaining (of the) slain (army)'.

भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma, a renowned warrior in the Mahabharata (by Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name, literally 'terrible')

द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Drona, a prominent warrior and teacher in the Mahabharata (by Drona)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (proper name)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as a conjunction.

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - modifying Bhishma and Drona, who were great-souled (mahātman) (by the great-souled one, by the noble one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous; the great spirit

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – soul, self, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Bhishma and Drona (dual sense implied by 'ca' joining two singulars sharing an attribute).

अर्धम् (ardham) - half of the army (half, a half)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ardha

ardha - half, portion, side

निहत्य (nihatya) - Karna having destroyed half (having killed, having destroyed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

prefix ni- + root han (to strike/kill) + suffix -tya (absolutive)

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

सैन्यस्य (sainyasya) - of the remaining army (of the army, of the host)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - relating to an army, an army, host

derived from senā (army)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna, a major warrior in the Mahabharata (Karna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name, literally 'ear'); ear

वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - Karna, known as Vaikartana, a patronymic (son of Vikartana (Sun god), related to Vikartana)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaikartana

vaikartana - son of Vikartana (the Sun god); related to the sun

Patronymic from Vikartana

Note: Epithet of Karna.

हतः (hataḥ) - was killed (Karna was killed) (killed, slain, destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, destroyed, struck

Past Passive Participle

root han (to strike, kill) + suffix -ta

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Functions as the main verb 'was killed' here.