महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-4, verse-51

एते चान्ये च बहवो राजानः सगणा रणे ।
हताः सहस्रशो राजन्यन्मां त्वं परिपृच्छसि ।
एवमेष क्षयो वृत्तः कर्णार्जुनसमागमे ॥५१॥

51. ete cānye ca bahavo rājānaḥ sagaṇā raṇe ,
hatāḥ sahasraśo rājanyanmāṁ tvaṁ paripṛcchasi ,
evameṣa kṣayo vṛttaḥ karṇārjunasamāgame.

51. ete ca anye ca bahavaḥ rājānaḥ
sagaṇāḥ raṇe hatāḥ sahasraśaḥ rājan
yat mām tvam paripṛcchasi evam
eṣa kṣayaḥ vṛttaḥ karṇārjunasamāgame

51. rājan,
tvam yan māṃ paripṛcchasi,
ete ca anye ca bahavaḥ rājānaḥ sagaṇāḥ raṇe sahasraśaḥ hatāḥ.
evam eṣa kṣayaḥ karṇārjunasamāgame vṛttaḥ.

51. O King, these and many other kings, along with their troops, about whom you ask me, were slain by thousands in battle. Thus, this devastation occurred during the encounter between Karṇa and Arjuna.

Words meanings summery:

• एते (ete) - these

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्ये (anye) - others, other ones

• च (ca) - and, also

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

• सगणाः (sagaṇāḥ) - with their retinue, with their troops

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• हताः (hatāḥ) - killed, slain

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

• यत् (yat) - which, because, regarding which

• माम् (mām) - me

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• परिपृच्छसि (paripṛcchasi) - you ask, you inquire

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• एष (eṣa) - this

• क्षयः (kṣayaḥ) - destruction, loss, ruin, end

• वृत्तः (vṛttaḥ) - occurred, happened, taken place, finished

• कर्णार्जुनसमागमे (karṇārjunasamāgame) - in the encounter between Karṇa and Arjuna

Words meanings and morphology

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these (demonstrative pronoun, near)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्ये (anye) - others, other ones

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous, abundant

Note: Agrees with 'rājānaḥ'.

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj

सगणाः (sagaṇāḥ) - with their retinue, with their troops

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sagaṇa

sagaṇa - accompanied by a troop or retinue, with followers

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+gaṇa)

• sa – with, accompanied by, together with
  indeclinable
• gaṇa – troop, retinue, host, multitude, collection
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'rājānaḥ'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

हताः (hatāḥ) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - killed, slain, destroyed, struck

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with suffix 'ta'.

Root: han (class 2)

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'sahasra' (thousand) with suffix '-śas' (in parts, by way of).

राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj

यत् (yat) - which, because, regarding which

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun) or conjunction 'that, because'

It introduces a dependent clause, here implying 'that concerning which'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I (first person pronoun)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you (second person pronoun)

परिपृच्छसि (paripṛcchasi) - you ask, you inquire

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paripṛcch

Present Active Indicative

From root 'prach' (to ask) with upasarga 'pari'. 'prach' becomes 'pṛcch' in present stem.

Prefix: pari

Root: prach (class 6)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

एष (eṣa) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, these (demonstrative pronoun, near)

Note: Agrees with 'kṣayaḥ'.

क्षयः (kṣayaḥ) - destruction, loss, ruin, end

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, ruin, loss, end, decay, waste

Derived from root 'kṣi' (to destroy, perish).

Root: kṣi (class 1)

वृत्तः (vṛttaḥ) - occurred, happened, taken place, finished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - happened, occurred, taken place, finished, become, existing

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vṛt' (to be, to exist, to turn) with suffix 'ta'.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kṣayaḥ'.

कर्णार्जुनसमागमे (karṇārjunasamāgame) - in the encounter between Karṇa and Arjuna

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of karṇārjunasamāgama

karṇārjunasamāgama - encounter or meeting of Karṇa and Arjuna

Compound type : Dvandva + Tatpuruṣa (karṇa+arjuna+samāgama)

• karṇa – Karṇa (proper name), ear
  proper noun (masculine)
• arjuna – Arjuna (proper name), white, clear
  proper noun (masculine)
• samāgama – meeting, encounter, union, confluence
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go) with upasargas 'sam' and 'ā'.
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: gam (class 1)