महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-4, verse-55

जयाशा धार्तराष्ट्राणां वैरस्य च मुखं यतः ।
तीर्णं तत्पाण्डवै राजन्यत्पुरा नावबुध्यसे ॥५५॥

55. jayāśā dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṁ vairasya ca mukhaṁ yataḥ ,
tīrṇaṁ tatpāṇḍavai rājanyatpurā nāvabudhyase.

55. jayāśā dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṃ vairasya ca mukhaṃ yataḥ
tīrṇaṃ tat pāṇḍavaiḥ rājan yat purā na avabudhyase

55. rājan yat dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṃ jayāśā ca vairasya mukhaṃ yataḥ tat pāṇḍavaiḥ tīrṇaṃ,
yat purā na avabudhyase

55. O king, that which was the hope for victory for the Dhritarashtras (Kauravas), and the very origin of their enmity, has now been overcome by the Pandavas; this you did not grasp previously.

Words meanings summery:

• जयाशा (jayāśā) - hope for victory

• धार्तराष्ट्राणां (dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṁ) - of the sons of Dhritarashtra, of the Kauravas

• वैरस्य (vairasya) - of enmity, of hostility

• च (ca) - and, also

• मुखं (mukhaṁ) - origin, source (mouth, face, beginning, principal part, source)

• यतः (yataḥ) - from which, because, since

• तीर्णं (tīrṇaṁ) - crossed, overcome, accomplished

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, before, in ancient times

• न (na) - not, no

• अवबुध्यसे (avabudhyase) - you understand, you perceive

Words meanings and morphology

जयाशा (jayāśā) - hope for victory

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jayāśā

jayāśā - hope of victory

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaya+āśā)

• jaya – victory, triumph
  noun (masculine)
• āśā – hope, desire, expectation
  noun (feminine)

धार्तराष्ट्राणां (dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṁ) - of the sons of Dhritarashtra, of the Kauravas

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhritarashtra, a Kaurava

वैरस्य (vairasya) - of enmity, of hostility

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of vaira

vaira - enmity, hostility, revenge

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मुखं (mukhaṁ) - origin, source (mouth, face, beginning, principal part, source)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mukha

mukha - mouth, face, front, principal part, beginning, source

यतः (yataḥ) - from which, because, since

(indeclinable)

तीर्णं (tīrṇaṁ) - crossed, overcome, accomplished

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tīrṇa

tīrṇa - crossed, passed over, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root tṛ-

Root: tṛ (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, the Pandavas

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

पुरा (purā) - formerly, before, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अवबुध्यसे (avabudhyase) - you understand, you perceive

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of avabudh

present verb

Derived from the root budh- (class 1, ātmanepada) with upasarga ava-

Prefix: ava

Root: budh (class 1)