महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-4, verse-24

समः कर्णस्य समरे यः स कर्णस्य पश्यतः ।
वृषसेनो महातेजाः शीघ्रास्त्रः कृतनिश्चयः ॥२४॥

24. samaḥ karṇasya samare yaḥ sa karṇasya paśyataḥ ,
vṛṣaseno mahātejāḥ śīghrāstraḥ kṛtaniścayaḥ.

24. samaḥ karṇasya samare yaḥ saḥ karṇasya paśyataḥ
vṛṣasenaḥ mahātejāḥ śīghrāstraḥ kṛtaniścayaḥ

24. yaḥ samare karṇasya samaḥ,
saḥ mahātejāḥ śīghrāstraḥ kṛtaniścayaḥ vṛṣasenaḥ,
karṇasya paśyataḥ

24. Vṛṣasena, who was equal to Karṇa in battle, greatly powerful, skilled in swift weapons, and resolute, stood there as Karṇa watched.

Words meanings summery:

• समः (samaḥ) - equal to (equal, similar, alike, same)

• कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - to Karṇa (indicating equality with) (of Karṇa, to Karṇa)

• समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war, in conflict)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which, he who)

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Vṛṣasena) (he, that)

• कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karṇa (indicating agent of viewing) (of Karṇa)

• पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - (while) watching (seeing, looking, while seeing)

• वृषसेनः (vṛṣasenaḥ) - Vṛṣasena (son of Karṇa) (Vṛṣasena (name))

• महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - greatly powerful, highly energetic (greatly powerful, highly energetic, very glorious)

• शीघ्रास्त्रः (śīghrāstraḥ) - skilled in swift weapons (swift-weaponed, skilled in swift weapons)

• कृतनिश्चयः (kṛtaniścayaḥ) - resolute, determined (resolute, determined, having made a firm resolve)

Words meanings and morphology

समः (samaḥ) - equal to (equal, similar, alike, same)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sama

sama - same, equal, similar

कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - to Karṇa (indicating equality with) (of Karṇa, to Karṇa)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - name of a prominent character in the Mahābhārata

Note: The genitive case is used here to indicate comparison/equality, functioning like a dative.

समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

Root: smṛ (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Vṛṣasena) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karṇa (indicating agent of viewing) (of Karṇa)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - name of a prominent character in the Mahābhārata

पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - (while) watching (seeing, looking, while seeing)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, looking

present active participle

formed from root dṛś (with gaṇa 'paśya') + śatṛ suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

वृषसेनः (vṛṣasenaḥ) - Vṛṣasena (son of Karṇa) (Vṛṣasena (name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛṣasena

vṛṣasena - name of a son of Karṇa

महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - greatly powerful, highly energetic (greatly powerful, highly energetic, very glorious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - great splendor, great energy, greatly powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
• tejas – splendor, energy, power
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tij (class 6)

शीघ्रास्त्रः (śīghrāstraḥ) - skilled in swift weapons (swift-weaponed, skilled in swift weapons)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śīghrāstra

śīghrāstra - one whose weapons are swift, skilled in swift weapons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śīghra+astra)

• śīghra – swift, quick
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: śīgh (class 1)
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 4)

कृतनिश्चयः (kṛtaniścayaḥ) - resolute, determined (resolute, determined, having made a firm resolve)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtaniścaya

kṛtaniścaya - one who has made a firm resolve, resolute, determined

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+niścaya)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  past passive participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from root kṛ + kta (ta) suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• niścaya – determination, resolve, certainty
  noun (masculine)
  from ni-ci
  Prefix: ni
  Root: ci (class 5)