महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-4, verse-66

मणिमान्दण्डधारश्च राजानौ युद्धदुर्मदौ ।
पराक्रमन्तौ मित्रार्थे द्रोणेन विनिपातितौ ॥६६॥

66. maṇimāndaṇḍadhāraśca rājānau yuddhadurmadau ,
parākramantau mitrārthe droṇena vinipātitau.

66. maṇimān daṇḍadhāraḥ ca rājānau yuddhadurmadau
parākramantau mitrārthe droṇena vinipātitau

66. maṇimān ca daṇḍadhāraḥ rājānau yuddhadurmadau
mitrārthe parākramantau droṇena vinipātitau

66. Maṇimān and Daṇḍadhāra, two kings who were furious in battle, were struck down by Droṇa while valiantly fighting for the sake of a friend.

Words meanings summery:

• मणिमान् (maṇimān) - Maṇimān (name)

• दण्डधारः (daṇḍadhāraḥ) - Daṇḍadhāra (name)

• च (ca) - and

• राजानौ (rājānau) - two kings

• युद्धदुर्मदौ (yuddhadurmadau) - furious in battle, intoxicated by war

• पराक्रमन्तौ (parākramantau) - displaying valor, fighting valiantly

• मित्रार्थे (mitrārthe) - for the sake of a friend

• द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Droṇa

• विनिपातितौ (vinipātitau) - struck down, slain

Words meanings and morphology

मणिमान् (maṇimān) - Maṇimān (name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maṇimat

maṇimat - Maṇimān (name of a king or warrior), jewel-bearing, adorned with jewels

Suffix -mat indicating possession

दण्डधारः (daṇḍadhāraḥ) - Daṇḍadhāra (name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍadhāra

daṇḍadhāra - Daṇḍadhāra (name of a king or warrior), staff-bearer, wielder of a staff

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daṇḍa+dhāra)

• daṇḍa – staff, rod, punishment
  noun (masculine)
• dhāra – holding, bearing, wearing (as a suffix)
  noun
  From root dhṛ (to bear, hold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

राजानौ (rājānau) - two kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Refers to Maṇimān and Daṇḍadhāra.

युद्धदुर्मदौ (yuddhadurmadau) - furious in battle, intoxicated by war

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of yuddhadurmada

yuddhadurmada - furious in battle, intoxicated by war

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuddha+durmada)

• yuddha – battle, fight
  noun (neuter)
• durmada – proud, arrogant, intoxicated, furious
  adjective

Note: Agrees with rājānau.

पराक्रमन्तौ (parākramantau) - displaying valor, fighting valiantly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of parākramat

parākramat - displaying valor, acting courageously, attacking

Present Active Participle

From root kram (to step) with prefix parā

Prefix: parā

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rājānau.

मित्रार्थे (mitrārthe) - for the sake of a friend

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mitrārtha

mitrārtha - for the sake of a friend

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mitra+artha)

• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: The locative case here indicates 'for the sake of'.

द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Droṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of the guru of the Kuru princes)

Note: Denotes the agent of the passive action.

विनिपातितौ (vinipātitau) - struck down, slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vinipātita

vinipātita - struck down, slain, felled

Past Passive Participle (Causative)

From root pat (to fall) with prefixes vi and ni, causative stem pāti, then past passive participle suffix -ta

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Acts as a predicate adjective, agreeing with rājānau.