महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-4, verse-40

उग्रकर्मा महेष्वासो नामतः कर्मतस्तथा ।
शाल्वराजो महाराज भीमसेनेन पातितः ॥४०॥

40. ugrakarmā maheṣvāso nāmataḥ karmatastathā ,
śālvarājo mahārāja bhīmasenena pātitaḥ.

40. ugrakarmā maheṣvāsaḥ nāmataḥ karmataḥ tathā
śālvarājaḥ mahārāja bhīmasenena pātitaḥ

40. mahārāja ugrakarmā maheṣvāsaḥ nāmataḥ
karmataḥ tathā śālvarājaḥ bhīmasenena pātitaḥ

40. O great king, the king of Śālva, who was known for his fierce deeds and was a great archer, both by reputation and by his actions, has been felled by Bhīmasena.

Words meanings summery:

• उग्रकर्मा (ugrakarmā) - of fierce deeds, terrible in action

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - great archer

• नामतः (nāmataḥ) - by name, by reputation

• कर्मतः (karmataḥ) - by action, by deeds

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, also, thus

• शाल्वराजः (śālvarājaḥ) - the king of Śālva

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king Duryodhana (O great king)

• भीमसेनेन (bhīmasenena) - by Bhīmasena, the powerful Pandava brother (by Bhīmasena)

• पातितः (pātitaḥ) - felled, thrown down, killed

Words meanings and morphology

उग्रकर्मा (ugrakarmā) - of fierce deeds, terrible in action

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ugrakarman

ugrakarman - of fierce/terrible actions, one whose deeds are formidable

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ugra+karman)

• ugra – fierce, terrible, severe, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• karman – deed, action, work (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root `kṛ` (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - great archer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - a great archer, having a great bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• iṣvāsa – bow, archer
  noun (masculine)
  From `iṣu` (arrow) + `āsa` (throwing, shooting).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: as (class 4)

नामतः (nāmataḥ) - by name, by reputation

(indeclinable)

Ablative/adverbial suffix `tas` appended to `nāman` (name).

Note: Modifies `ugrakarmā` and `maheṣvāsaḥ`.

कर्मतः (karmataḥ) - by action, by deeds

(indeclinable)

Ablative/adverbial suffix `tas` appended to `karman` (action).

Note: Modifies `ugrakarmā` and `maheṣvāsaḥ`.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, also, thus

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `nāmataḥ` and `karmataḥ`.

शाल्वराजः (śālvarājaḥ) - the king of Śālva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śālvarāja

śālvarāja - king of Śālva (a kingdom/people)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śālva+rājan)

• śālva – Śālva (name of a country or its people)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king Duryodhana (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karma_dhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing Duryodhana (Sanjaya speaking).

भीमसेनेन (bhīmasenena) - by Bhīmasena, the powerful Pandava brother (by Bhīmasena)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (proper name, 'having a terrible army' or 'terrible warrior')

Compound: Bhīma (terrible) + Sena (army/leader).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+sena)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• sena – army, host, leader (often at end of names)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent in the passive construction.

पातितः (pātitaḥ) - felled, thrown down, killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pātita

pātita - felled, caused to fall, thrown down, slain

Past Passive Participle (Causative)

Past passive participle of the causative form `pātay` (to cause to fall) from root `pat` (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective, functioning as the main verb.