महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-4, verse-49

सध्वजाः सायुधाः शूराः सवर्माम्बरभूषणाः ।
कालेन महता यत्ताः कुले ये च विवर्धिताः ॥४९॥

49. sadhvajāḥ sāyudhāḥ śūrāḥ savarmāmbarabhūṣaṇāḥ ,
kālena mahatā yattāḥ kule ye ca vivardhitāḥ.

49. sadhvajāḥ sāyudhāḥ śūrāḥ savarmāmbara-bhūṣaṇāḥ
kālena mahatā yattāḥ kule ye ca vivardhitāḥ

49. ye sadhvajāḥ sāyudhāḥ savarmāmbara-bhūṣaṇāḥ
mahatā kālena yattāḥ kule ca vivardhitāḥ śūrāḥ

49. Those heroes, bearing banners and weapons, adorned with armor, garments, and ornaments, who had been meticulously prepared over a long period and raised in distinguished families...

Words meanings summery:

• सध्वजाः (sadhvajāḥ) - having banners, with banners

• सायुधाः (sāyudhāḥ) - armed, with weapons

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, valiant ones

• सवर्माम्बर-भूषणाः (savarmāmbara-bhūṣaṇāḥ) - wearing armor, garments, and ornaments; adorned with armor, clothes, and decorations

• कालेन (kālena) - by time, with time, over time

• महता (mahatā) - great, by a great (one)

• यत्ताः (yattāḥ) - prepared, ready, exerted, controlled

• कुले (kule) - in a family, in a lineage, in a clan

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• च (ca) - and, also

• विवर्धिताः (vivardhitāḥ) - raised, brought up, nourished, grown

Words meanings and morphology

सध्वजाः (sadhvajāḥ) - having banners, with banners

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sadhvaja

sadhvaja - having a banner, accompanied by a banner

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+dhvaja)

• sa – with, accompanied by, together with
  indeclinable
• dhvaja – banner, flag
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'śūrāḥ'.

सायुधाः (sāyudhāḥ) - armed, with weapons

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sāyudha

sāyudha - armed, bearing arms, equipped with weapons

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+āyudha)

• sa – with, accompanied by, together with
  indeclinable
• āyudha – weapon, implement, tool
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'śūrāḥ'.

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, valiant ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, warrior, brave, valiant

Root: śū

सवर्माम्बर-भूषणाः (savarmāmbara-bhūṣaṇāḥ) - wearing armor, garments, and ornaments; adorned with armor, clothes, and decorations

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of savarmāmbara-bhūṣaṇa

savarmāmbara-bhūṣaṇa - adorned with armor, garments, and ornaments

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+varman+ambara+bhūṣaṇa)

• sa – with, accompanied by, together with
  indeclinable
• varman – armor, mail
  noun (neuter)
• ambara – garment, clothing, sky
  noun (neuter)
• bhūṣaṇa – ornament, decoration
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhūṣ

Note: Agrees with 'śūrāḥ'.

कालेन (kālena) - by time, with time, over time

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, appropriate time, season

महता (mahatā) - great, by a great (one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, immense

Note: Agrees with 'kālena'.

यत्ताः (yattāḥ) - prepared, ready, exerted, controlled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yatta

yatta - prepared, ready, assiduous, restrained, controlled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'yat' (to strive, exert, control) with suffix 'ta'.

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śūrāḥ'.

कुले (kule) - in a family, in a lineage, in a clan

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, clan, race, community

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'śūrāḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विवर्धिताः (vivardhitāḥ) - raised, brought up, nourished, grown

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vivardhita

vivardhita - raised, brought up, nourished, caused to grow

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vṛdh' (to grow, increase) with upasarga 'vi' and suffix 'ta' (causative meaning implied 'caused to grow' or 'raised').

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śūrāḥ'.