महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-4, verse-78

सुचित्रश्चित्रधर्मा च पितापुत्रौ महारथौ ।
प्रचरन्तौ महावीर्यौ द्रोणेन निहतौ रणे ॥७८॥

78. sucitraścitradharmā ca pitāputrau mahārathau ,
pracarantau mahāvīryau droṇena nihatau raṇe.

78. sucitraḥ citradharmā ca pitāputrau mahārathau
pracarantau mahāvīryau droṇena nihatau raṇe

78. sucitraḥ ca citradharmā pitāputrau mahārathau
mahāvīryau pracarantau droṇena raṇe nihatau

78. Sucitra and Citradharmā, father and son, both great warriors (mahārathau) and exceedingly powerful, were killed in battle by Droṇa while they were fighting.

Words meanings summery:

• सुचित्रः (sucitraḥ) - A proper name of a warrior (Sucitra)

• चित्रधर्मा (citradharmā) - A proper name of a warrior (Citradharmā)

• च (ca) - and

• पितापुत्रौ (pitāputrau) - father and son

• महारथौ (mahārathau) - great warriors, great charioteers

• प्रचरन्तौ (pracarantau) - moving about, fighting, engaged in activity

• महावीर्यौ (mahāvīryau) - greatly valorous, exceedingly powerful

• द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by the preceptor Droṇa (by Droṇa)

• निहतौ (nihatau) - killed, slain

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle

Words meanings and morphology

सुचित्रः (sucitraḥ) - A proper name of a warrior (Sucitra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sucitra

sucitra - Sucitra (a proper name); very clear, beautiful, well-painted

चित्रधर्मा (citradharmā) - A proper name of a warrior (Citradharmā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of citradharman

citradharman - Citradharmā (a proper name); having various qualities or strange nature

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पितापुत्रौ (pitāputrau) - father and son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pitāputra

pitāputra - father and son (as a pair)

Compound type : dvandva (pitṛ+putra)

• pitṛ – father, parent
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

महारथौ (mahārathau) - great warriors, great charioteers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, mighty charioteer; large chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, war-chariot; a warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh (class 1)

प्रचरन्तौ (pracarantau) - moving about, fighting, engaged in activity

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pracarant

pracarant - moving forth, fighting, engaging in activity

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root car (to move) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: car (class 1)

महावीर्यौ (mahāvīryau) - greatly valorous, exceedingly powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahāvīrya

mahāvīrya - of great valor, very powerful, mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vīrya)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• vīrya – valor, heroism, strength, power
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vīr (class 10)

द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by the preceptor Droṇa (by Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (a proper name, the military guru of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas)

निहतौ (nihatau) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, fight; sound, noise

From root raṇ (to sound, rejoice)

Root: raṇ (class 1)