महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-112, verse-97

अयो हृत्वा तु दुर्बुद्धिर्वायसो जायते नरः ।
पायसं चोरयित्वा तु तित्तिरित्वमवाप्नुते ॥९७॥

97. ayo hṛtvā tu durbuddhirvāyaso jāyate naraḥ ,
pāyasaṁ corayitvā tu tittiritvamavāpnute.

97. ayaḥ hṛtvā tu durbuddhiḥ vāyasaḥ jāyate naraḥ
pāyasam corayitvā tu tittiritvam avāpnute

97. durbuddhiḥ naraḥ ayaḥ hṛtvā tu vāyasaḥ jāyate
pāyasam corayitvā tu tittiritvam avāpnute

97. Indeed, a foolish man who steals iron is reborn as a crow. And one who steals rice porridge certainly attains rebirth as a partridge.

Words meanings summery:

• अयः (ayaḥ) - iron (iron, metal, steel)

• हृत्वा (hṛtvā) - having stolen (having stolen, having carried away, having taken)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

• दुर्बुद्धिः (durbuddhiḥ) - a foolish person (foolish, stupid, ill-minded, one with bad intellect)

• वायसः (vāyasaḥ) - a crow

• जायते (jāyate) - is reborn (is born, comes into being, originates)

• नरः (naraḥ) - a man (a man, a person, a male)

• पायसम् (pāyasam) - rice porridge (rice porridge, gruel)

• चोरयित्वा (corayitvā) - having stolen (having stolen, after stealing)

• तु (tu) - certainly (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

• तित्तिरित्वम् (tittiritvam) - the state of being a partridge

• अवाप्नुते (avāpnute) - attains (attains, obtains, reaches, gets)

Words meanings and morphology

अयः (ayaḥ) - iron (iron, metal, steel)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ayas

ayas - iron, metal, steel, arrow-head

Note: Object of stealing.

हृत्वा (hṛtvā) - having stolen (having stolen, having carried away, having taken)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā from the root 'hṛ'.

Root: hṛ (class 1)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing emphasis.

दुर्बुद्धिः (durbuddhiḥ) - a foolish person (foolish, stupid, ill-minded, one with bad intellect)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durbuddhi

durbuddhi - foolish, stupid, ill-minded, one with bad intellect

Compound of 'dur' (bad, difficult) + 'buddhi' (intellect).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (dur+buddhi)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating badness or difficulty.
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, mind, reason
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

वायसः (vāyasaḥ) - a crow

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyasa

vāyasa - a crow, a raven, a bird (general)

Note: Predicate nominative.

जायते (jāyate) - is reborn (is born, comes into being, originates)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

present middle indicative

From root 'jan' (4th class, Ātmanepada).

Root: jan (class 4)

नरः (naraḥ) - a man (a man, a person, a male)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - a man, a person, a male, human

Note: Subject of 'jāyate'.

पायसम् (pāyasam) - rice porridge (rice porridge, gruel)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāyasa

pāyasa - milk cooked with rice and sugar, rice porridge, gruel

Derived from 'payas' (milk).

Note: Object of stealing.

चोरयित्वा (corayitvā) - having stolen (having stolen, after stealing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā from the causative stem of the root 'cur' (corayati).

Root: cur (class 10)

तु (tu) - certainly (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing emphasis.

तित्तिरित्वम् (tittiritvam) - the state of being a partridge

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tittiritva

tittiritva - the state, nature, or condition of being a partridge

Derived from 'tittiri' (partridge) with suffix '-tva' (indicating 'state of being').

Note: Object of 'avāpnute'.

अवाप्नुते (avāpnute) - attains (attains, obtains, reaches, gets)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ava-āp

present middle indicative

From root 'āp' (5th class, Ātmanepada) with prefix 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)