महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-112, verse-76

वायसो दश वर्षाणि ततो जायति कुक्कुटः ।
जायते लवकश्चापि मासं तस्मात्तु मानुषः ॥७६॥

76. vāyaso daśa varṣāṇi tato jāyati kukkuṭaḥ ,
jāyate lavakaścāpi māsaṁ tasmāttu mānuṣaḥ.

76. vāyasaḥ daśa varṣāṇi tataḥ jāyati kukkuṭaḥ
jāyate lavakaḥ ca api māsam tasmāt tu mānuṣaḥ

76. vāyasaḥ daśa varṣāṇi tataḥ kukkuṭaḥ jāyati
lavakaḥ ca api māsam jāyate tasmāt tu mānuṣaḥ

76. A crow (lives) for ten years; then it is born as a cock. And also, it is born as a quail for a month, but after that, it becomes a human being.

Words meanings summery:

• वायसः (vāyasaḥ) - a crow (reborn) (crow)

• दश (daśa) - ten

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - for ten years (years)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, after that (then, thence, therefore, from that)

• जायति (jāyati) - is born (as) (is born, becomes, arises)

• कुक्कुटः (kukkuṭaḥ) - a cock (cock, domestic fowl)

• जायते (jāyate) - is born (as) (is born, becomes, arises)

• लवकः (lavakaḥ) - a quail (quail, a small bird)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even)

• मासम् (māsam) - for a month (month)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that (state/birth) (from that, therefore, after that)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, however)

• मानुषः (mānuṣaḥ) - a human being (human, human being)

Words meanings and morphology

वायसः (vāyasaḥ) - a crow (reborn) (crow)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyasa

vāyasa - crow

Note: Subject of the implied verb (lives/exists) or jāyati.

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Modifies varṣāṇi.

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - for ten years (years)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Adverbial accusative of duration.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, after that (then, thence, therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

ablative of tad + suffix -tas

Note: Connects to the next birth.

जायति (jāyati) - is born (as) (is born, becomes, arises)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

present indicative, 3rd person singular, middle voice (or passive)

From root jan (4th class, jāyate). jāyati is an alternative or dialectal/epic form for jāyate.

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject is the implied reborn entity.

कुक्कुटः (kukkuṭaḥ) - a cock (cock, domestic fowl)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kukkuṭa

kukkuṭa - cock, domestic fowl

Note: Predicate nominative with jāyati.

जायते (jāyate) - is born (as) (is born, becomes, arises)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

present indicative, 3rd person singular, middle voice

From root jan (4th class, jāyate).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject is the implied reborn entity.

लवकः (lavakaḥ) - a quail (quail, a small bird)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lavaka

lavaka - quail, a small bird, a cutter

From root lū (to cut) + suffix -aka.

Root: lū (class 9)

Note: Predicate nominative with jāyate.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects kukkuṭaḥ and lavakaḥ or implies another birth.

अपि (api) - also (also, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes ca.

मासम् (māsam) - for a month (month)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month, moon

Note: Adverbial accusative of duration.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that (state/birth) (from that, therefore, after that)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ablative singular of the pronoun tad.

Note: Functions adverbially.

तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adds emphasis or slight contrast.

मानुषः (mānuṣaḥ) - a human being (human, human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, human being

derived from manu (man, Manu) + suffix -uṣa.

Note: Predicate nominative with jāyate.