महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-112, verse-58

तत्र जीवति वर्षाणि दश पञ्च च भारत ।
दुष्कृतस्य क्षयं गत्वा ततो जायति मानुषः ॥५८॥

58. tatra jīvati varṣāṇi daśa pañca ca bhārata ,
duṣkṛtasya kṣayaṁ gatvā tato jāyati mānuṣaḥ.

58. tatra jīvati varṣāṇi daśa pañca ca bhārata |
duṣkṛtasya kṣayam gatvā tataḥ jāyati mānuṣaḥ

58. bhārata tatra daśa ca pañca varṣāṇi jīvati
duṣkṛtasya kṣayam gatvā tataḥ mānuṣaḥ jāyati

58. There, O Bhārata, he lives for fifteen years. Having exhausted the consequence of his misdeeds (karma), he is then reborn as a human being.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - in the species of a worm (as mentioned in the previous verse) (there, in that place)

• जीवति (jīvati) - lives, exists

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

• दश (daśa) - ten

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• च (ca) - and, also

• भारत (bhārata) - Referring to King Yudhishthira or Arjuna, addressed by Vyasa or Krishna in the Mahabharata. (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

• दुष्कृतस्य (duṣkṛtasya) - referring to the karmic consequences of misdeeds (of evil deeds, of misdeeds, of sin)

• क्षयम् (kṣayam) - exhaustion or depletion of the results of misdeeds (destruction, decay, end)

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having brought about, having exhausted (having gone, having reached, having undergone)

• ततः (tataḥ) - thence, thereafter, from that

• जायति (jāyati) - is born, comes into being

• मानुषः (mānuṣaḥ) - a human being

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - in the species of a worm (as mentioned in the previous verse) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

जीवति (jīvati) - lives, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain

Note: Used here to denote duration of time.

दश (daśa) - ten

(indeclinable)

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of pañcan

pañcan - five

Note: Agrees with 'varṣāṇi'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - Referring to King Yudhishthira or Arjuna, addressed by Vyasa or Krishna in the Mahabharata. (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, a king of the Bharata line

दुष्कृतस्य (duṣkṛtasya) - referring to the karmic consequences of misdeeds (of evil deeds, of misdeeds, of sin)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of duṣkṛta

duṣkṛta - misdeed, evil deed, sin, ill-done

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dus+kṛta)

• dus – bad, difficult, evil
  prefix
• kṛta – done, made, deed, act
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

क्षयम् (kṣayam) - exhaustion or depletion of the results of misdeeds (destruction, decay, end)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - decay, loss, destruction, end, exhaustion

गत्वा (gatvā) - having brought about, having exhausted (having gone, having reached, having undergone)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root 'gam' (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - thence, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

जायति (jāyati) - is born, comes into being

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of jan

This form 'jāyati' is an older/Vedic present stem from root 'jan', often meaning 'is born' in a passive sense.

Root: jan (class 4)

मानुषः (mānuṣaḥ) - a human being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, pertaining to humans, a man