महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-112, verse-43

पतितं याजयित्वा तु कृमियोनौ प्रजायते ।
तत्र जीवति वर्षाणि दश पञ्च च भारत ॥४३॥

43. patitaṁ yājayitvā tu kṛmiyonau prajāyate ,
tatra jīvati varṣāṇi daśa pañca ca bhārata.

43. patitam yājayitvā tu kṛmi-yonau prajāyate
tatra jīvati varṣāṇi daśa pañca ca bhārata

43. bhārata patitam yājayitvā tu kṛmi-yonau
prajāyate tatra daśa pañca ca varṣāṇi jīvati

43. One who causes a fallen person to perform a ritual is born into the species of worms. There, O Bhārata, he lives for fifteen years.

Words meanings summery:

• पतितम् (patitam) - a person fallen from their social or religious status (fallen, degraded, outcast)

• याजयित्वा (yājayitvā) - having officiated a ritual for someone else (having caused to perform a ritual, having caused to sacrifice)

• तु (tu) - used as an emphatic or contrasting particle (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• कृमि-योनौ (kṛmi-yonau) - born as a worm (in the worm-species, in the womb of a worm)

• प्रजायते (prajāyate) - is reborn as a worm (is born, originates)

• तत्र (tatra) - in that worm-species (there, in that place)

• जीवति (jīvati) - exists in that state (lives, survives)

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years (duration of life) (years, rainy seasons)

• दश (daśa) - ten (years) (ten)

• पञ्च (pañca) - five (years) (five)

• च (ca) - connecting 'ten' and 'five' (and, also)

• भारत (bhārata) - vocative address, likely to a king (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

Words meanings and morphology

पतितम् (patitam) - a person fallen from their social or religious status (fallen, degraded, outcast)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, degraded, outcast, dropped

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pat + kta suffix

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular, agreeing with an implied object.

याजयित्वा (yājayitvā) - having officiated a ritual for someone else (having caused to perform a ritual, having caused to sacrifice)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the causative of root yaj (yāji) + ktvā suffix

Root: yaj (class 1)

तु (tu) - used as an emphatic or contrasting particle (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle

कृमि-योनौ (kṛmi-yonau) - born as a worm (in the worm-species, in the womb of a worm)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kṛmi-yoni

kṛmi-yoni - worm-species, womb of a worm, origin of worms

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṛmi+yoni)

• kṛmi – worm, insect
  noun (masculine)
• yoni – womb, origin, source, species
  noun (feminine)

प्रजायते (prajāyate) - is reborn as a worm (is born, originates)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pra-jan

Present tense, Middle voice

Root jan (4th class) with prefix pra, middle voice ending

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

तत्र (tatra) - in that worm-species (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal stem tad + tral suffix

जीवति (jīvati) - exists in that state (lives, survives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Present tense, Active voice

Root jīv (1st class)

Root: jīv (class 1)

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years (duration of life) (years, rainy seasons)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain, rainy season

Note: Accusative plural, indicating duration.

दश (daśa) - ten (years) (ten)

(numeral)

Note: Usually indeclinable when used attributively.

पञ्च (pañca) - five (years) (five)

(numeral)

Note: Indeclinable.

च (ca) - connecting 'ten' and 'five' (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

भारत (bhārata) - vocative address, likely to a king (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, a king of India

From Bharata + aṇ suffix

Root: bhṛ