महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-112, verse-55

भर्तृपिण्डमुपाश्नन्यो राजद्विष्टानि सेवते ।
सोऽपि मोहसमापन्नो मृतो जायति वानरः ॥५५॥

55. bhartṛpiṇḍamupāśnanyo rājadviṣṭāni sevate ,
so'pi mohasamāpanno mṛto jāyati vānaraḥ.

55. bhartṛpiṇḍam upāśnan yaḥ rājadviṣṭāni sevate
| saḥ api mohasamāpannaḥ mṛtaḥ jāyati vānaraḥ

55. yaḥ bhartṛpiṇḍam upāśnan rājadviṣṭāni sevate
saḥ api mohasamāpannaḥ mṛtaḥ vānaraḥ jāyati

55. Whoever, while consuming his master's sustenance, engages in acts hostile to the king, that person, having fallen into delusion (moha), is reborn as a monkey after death.

Words meanings summery:

• भर्तृपिण्डम् (bhartṛpiṇḍam) - master's food, employer's sustenance

• उपाश्नन् (upāśnan) - eating, consuming

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• राजद्विष्टानि (rājadviṣṭāni) - things hateful to the king, acts hostile to the king

• सेवते (sevate) - serves, practices, indulges in

• सः (saḥ) - he, that person

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• मोहसमापन्नः (mohasamāpannaḥ) - fallen into delusion

• मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead, having died

• जायति (jāyati) - is born, comes into being

• वानरः (vānaraḥ) - a monkey

Words meanings and morphology

भर्तृपिण्डम् (bhartṛpiṇḍam) - master's food, employer's sustenance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhartṛpiṇḍa

bhartṛpiṇḍa - master's food, food given by a master, sustenance from an employer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhartṛ+piṇḍa)

• bhartṛ – master, supporter, husband
  noun (masculine)
• piṇḍa – lump, ball (of food), sustenance
  noun (masculine)

उपाश्नन् (upāśnan) - eating, consuming

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upāśnat

upāśnat - one who eats, consuming

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'aś' (to eat) with the prefix 'upa-'

Prefix: upa

Root: aś (class 9)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

राजद्विष्टानि (rājadviṣṭāni) - things hateful to the king, acts hostile to the king

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of rājadviṣṭa

rājadviṣṭa - hated by the king, hostile to the king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+dviṣṭa)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• dviṣṭa – hated, disliked, hostile
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'dviṣ' (to hate)
  Root: dviṣ (class 2)

सेवते (sevate) - serves, practices, indulges in

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of sev

Root: sev (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that person

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

मोहसमापन्नः (mohasamāpannaḥ) - fallen into delusion

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mohasamāpanna

mohasamāpanna - one who has fallen into delusion, bewildered

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (moha+samāpanna)

• moha – delusion, bewilderment, infatuation
  noun (masculine)
• samāpanna – attained, obtained, fallen into, undergone
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'pad' (to go, fall) with prefixes 'sam-' and 'ā-'
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: pad (class 4)

मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead, having died

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'mṛ' (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

जायति (jāyati) - is born, comes into being

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of jan

This form 'jāyati' is an older/Vedic present stem from root 'jan', often meaning 'is born' in a passive sense.

Root: jan (class 4)

वानरः (vānaraḥ) - a monkey

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānara

vānara - monkey