महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-112, verse-46

प्राक्श्वा भवति राजेन्द्र ततः क्रव्यात्ततः खरः ।
ततः प्रेतः परिक्लिष्टः पश्चाज्जायति ब्राह्मणः ॥४६॥

46. prākśvā bhavati rājendra tataḥ kravyāttataḥ kharaḥ ,
tataḥ pretaḥ parikliṣṭaḥ paścājjāyati brāhmaṇaḥ.

46. prāk śvā bhavati rājendra tataḥ kravyāt tataḥ kharaḥ
tataḥ pretaḥ parikliṣṭaḥ paścāt jāyati brāhmaṇaḥ

46. rājendra saḥ prāk śvā bhavati
tataḥ kravyāt tataḥ kharaḥ
bhavati tataḥ parikliṣṭaḥ pretaḥ
bhavati paścāt brāhmaṇaḥ jāyati

46. O best of kings, he first becomes a dog, then a carnivorous animal, then a donkey. After that, he becomes a tormented departed spirit (preta), and finally he is born as a brahmin.

Words meanings summery:

• प्राक् (prāk) - indicating the initial state in the sequence of rebirths (first, before, formerly, eastward)

• श्वा (śvā) - becomes a dog (dog)

• भवति (bhavati) - transforms into these forms (becomes, is, exists)

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - vocative address to a powerful ruler (O best of kings, O king)

• ततः (tataḥ) - indicating sequence in rebirth (thereafter, then, from that)

• क्रव्यात् (kravyāt) - becomes a predatory animal (flesh-eater, carnivorous (animal))

• ततः (tataḥ) - indicating sequence in rebirth (thereafter, then, from that)

• खरः (kharaḥ) - becomes a donkey (donkey, ass)

• ततः (tataḥ) - indicating sequence in rebirth (thereafter, then, from that)

• प्रेतः (pretaḥ) - becomes a tormented departed spirit (preta) (ghost, departed spirit, dead)

• परिक्लिष्टः (parikliṣṭaḥ) - suffering greatly in the state of a ghost (tormented, distressed, afflicted)

• पश्चात् (paścāt) - as the final stage in the sequence (afterwards, behind, finally)

• जायति (jāyati) - reborn as (is born, originates)

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - reborn into the highest social class (a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class)

Words meanings and morphology

प्राक् (prāk) - indicating the initial state in the sequence of rebirths (first, before, formerly, eastward)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of prāñc (eastward, former).

Root: aṃc (class 1)

Note: Adverb of time/sequence.

श्वा (śvā) - becomes a dog (dog)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvan

śvan - dog

Strong stem nominative singular of n-ending noun 'śvan'.

Note: Predicate nominative for 'bhavati'.

भवति (bhavati) - transforms into these forms (becomes, is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present tense, Active voice

Root bhū (1st class)

Root: bhū (class 1)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - vocative address to a powerful ruler (O best of kings, O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāja-indra

rāja-indra - chief of kings, best of kings, a great king

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rājan
• indra – chief, lord, best (often used as a suffix for 'best among')
  noun (masculine)

ततः (tataḥ) - indicating sequence in rebirth (thereafter, then, from that)

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal stem tad + tasil suffix

क्रव्यात् (kravyāt) - becomes a predatory animal (flesh-eater, carnivorous (animal))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kravyādin

kravyādin - flesh-eating, carnivorous; a carnivorous animal, a predator (e.g. vulture, jackal)

From kravya (flesh) + adin (eating)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kravya+adin)

• kravya – raw flesh, meat
  noun (neuter)
• adin – eating, one who eats
  adjective (masculine)
  From root ad + ṇini suffix
  Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for an implied 'bhavati'.

ततः (tataḥ) - indicating sequence in rebirth (thereafter, then, from that)

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal stem tad + tasil suffix

खरः (kharaḥ) - becomes a donkey (donkey, ass)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khara

khara - donkey, ass

Note: Predicate nominative for an implied 'bhavati'.

ततः (tataḥ) - indicating sequence in rebirth (thereafter, then, from that)

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal stem tad + tasil suffix

प्रेतः (pretaḥ) - becomes a tormented departed spirit (preta) (ghost, departed spirit, dead)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of preta

preta - departed, deceased; a ghost, a spirit of the dead (preta)

Past Passive Participle

From pra-i (to go forth, to die) + kta suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for an implied 'bhavati'.

परिक्लिष्टः (parikliṣṭaḥ) - suffering greatly in the state of a ghost (tormented, distressed, afflicted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parikliṣṭa

parikliṣṭa - tormented, distressed, afflicted, troubled

Past Passive Participle

From pari-kliś (to suffer, to distress) + kta suffix

Prefix: pari

Root: kliś (class 4)

पश्चात् (paścāt) - as the final stage in the sequence (afterwards, behind, finally)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from paśca.

जायति (jāyati) - reborn as (is born, originates)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jan

Present tense, Active voice (archaism for jāyate)

Root jan (4th class). The form jāyati is less common than jāyate (middle voice).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Common in epic Sanskrit, interchangeable with jāyate in middle voice.

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - reborn into the highest social class (a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, related to Brahman, sacerdotal

From brahman + aṇ suffix

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'jāyati'.