महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-112, verse-64

ततः प्रेत्य महाराज पुनर्जायति सूकरः ।
सूकरो जातमात्रस्तु रोगेण म्रियते नृप ॥६४॥

64. tataḥ pretya mahārāja punarjāyati sūkaraḥ ,
sūkaro jātamātrastu rogeṇa mriyate nṛpa.

64. tataḥ pretya mahārāja punaḥ jāyati sūkaraḥ
sūkaraḥ jātamātraḥ tu rogeṇa mriyate nṛpa

64. mahārāja tataḥ pretya punaḥ sūkaraḥ jāyati
nṛpa sūkaraḥ tu jātamātraḥ rogeṇa mriyate

64. O great king, after that, having died, he is reborn as a pig. But, O king, that pig, as soon as it is born, dies from disease.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter, then, from that

• प्रेत्य (pretya) - having died, after death

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king, O monarch

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, furthermore

• जायति (jāyati) - is born, becomes, arises

• सूकरः (sūkaraḥ) - a pig, a boar, a hog

• सूकरः (sūkaraḥ) - a pig, a boar

• जातमात्रः (jātamātraḥ) - as soon as born, immediately after birth

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• रोगेण (rogeṇa) - by disease, due to illness

• म्रियते (mriyate) - dies, passes away

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king, O ruler

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter, then, from that

(indeclinable)

Adverbial derivative from 'tad' (that)

Note: Connects to the previous verse.

प्रेत्य (pretya) - having died, after death

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive from root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king, O monarch

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, sovereign, emperor

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'rāja' (king)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rāja)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
  Adjective form of 'mahat'
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to a king.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, furthermore

(indeclinable)

Adverb

जायति (jāyati) - is born, becomes, arises

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jan

present indicative active voice

Archaic/epic form of present indicative active voice, 3rd person singular, from root 'jan' (4th class)

Root: jan (class 4)

सूकरः (sūkaraḥ) - a pig, a boar, a hog

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūkara

sūkara - pig, boar, hog

From root 'sū' (to generate, give birth) or 'svṛ' (to sound, grunt)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'jāyati'.

सूकरः (sūkaraḥ) - a pig, a boar

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūkara

sūkara - pig, boar, hog

From root 'sū' (to generate, give birth) or 'svṛ' (to sound, grunt)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

जातमात्रः (jātamātraḥ) - as soon as born, immediately after birth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jātamātra

jātamātra - merely born, as soon as born

Compound of 'jāta' (born, PPP of 'jan') and 'mātra' (only, merely)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (jāta+mātra)

• jāta – born, produced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'jan' (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• mātra – only, merely, measuring
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix indicating 'only' or 'mere'

Note: Agrees with 'sūkaraḥ'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Particle

Note: Introduces a contrasting or emphasizing idea.

रोगेण (rogeṇa) - by disease, due to illness

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of roga

roga - disease, sickness, ailment

From root 'ruj' (to break, cause pain)

Root: ruj (class 6)

Note: Indicates the cause or instrument of death.

म्रियते (mriyate) - dies, passes away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of mṛ

present indicative middle voice

6th class verb, present tense, middle voice, 3rd person singular

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: The main verb of the second clause.

नृप (nṛpa) - O king, O ruler

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

Compound of 'nṛ' (man) and 'pa' (protector, from root 'pā' to protect)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root 'pā' (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)