महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-112, verse-45

उपाध्यायस्य यः पापं शिष्यः कुर्यादबुद्धिमान् ।
स जीव इह संसारांस्त्रीनाप्नोति न संशयः ॥४५॥

45. upādhyāyasya yaḥ pāpaṁ śiṣyaḥ kuryādabuddhimān ,
sa jīva iha saṁsārāṁstrīnāpnoti na saṁśayaḥ.

45. upādhyāyasya yaḥ pāpam śiṣyaḥ kuryāt abuddhimān
saḥ jīvaḥ iha saṃsārān trīn āpnoti na saṃśayaḥ

45. yaḥ abuddhimān śiṣyaḥ upādhyāyasya pāpam kuryāt
saḥ jīvaḥ iha trīn saṃsārān āpnoti saṃśayaḥ na

45. The foolish student who commits a sin against his teacher, that living being (jīva) undoubtedly attains three cycles of worldly existence (saṃsāra) in this world.

Words meanings summery:

• उपाध्यायस्य (upādhyāyasya) - against the teacher (of the teacher, of the preceptor)

• यः (yaḥ) - the one who (who, whoever)

• पापम् (pāpam) - a sinful act or offense (sin, evil, wrong)

• शिष्यः (śiṣyaḥ) - the student who performs the action (disciple, student, pupil)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - commits a sin (may do, should do, would do, commit)

• अबुद्धिमान् (abuddhimān) - lacking wisdom or understanding in his actions (foolish, unwise, ignorant)

• सः (saḥ) - refers back to 'the student' (he, that)

• जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the embodied soul of the student (living being, soul, life)

• इह (iha) - in this mortal world (here, in this world, at this time)

• संसारान् (saṁsārān) - multiple rebirths in various forms of life (saṃsāra) (cycles of existence, worldly lives, rebirths)

• त्रीन् (trīn) - three (cycles of existence) (three)

• आप्नोति (āpnoti) - experiences or undergoes (attains, obtains, reaches)

• न (na) - negating doubt (not, no)

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - there is no doubt (doubt, uncertainty)

Words meanings and morphology

उपाध्यायस्य (upādhyāyasya) - against the teacher (of the teacher, of the preceptor)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of upādhyāya

upādhyāya - teacher, preceptor, spiritual instructor

Prefixes: upa+adhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Indicates relationship or target of the action.

यः (yaḥ) - the one who (who, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Relative pronoun stem.

Note: Subject of the relative clause.

पापम् (pāpam) - a sinful act or offense (sin, evil, wrong)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, wrong, vice

Note: Object of 'kuryāt'.

शिष्यः (śiṣyaḥ) - the student who performs the action (disciple, student, pupil)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, student, pupil, one to be taught

Gerundive

From root śiṣ (to teach) + ya suffix

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Subject of the relative clause, agreeing with 'yaḥ'.

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - commits a sin (may do, should do, would do, commit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Optative mood, Active voice

Root kṛ (8th class) + optative ending

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अबुद्धिमान् (abuddhimān) - lacking wisdom or understanding in his actions (foolish, unwise, ignorant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of a-buddhimat

a-buddhimat - foolish, unwise, unintelligent

Negative prefix 'a' + buddhimat (wise/intelligent)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+buddhimat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• buddhimat – wise, intelligent, possessing intellect
  adjective (masculine)
  From buddhi + matup suffix
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'śiṣyaḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - refers back to 'the student' (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun stem.

Note: Subject of the main clause.

जीवः (jīvaḥ) - the embodied soul of the student (living being, soul, life)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīva

jīva - living, alive; a living being, soul, individual soul (jīva)

From root jīv (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Appositive to 'saḥ'.

इह (iha) - in this mortal world (here, in this world, at this time)

(indeclinable)

संसारान् (saṁsārān) - multiple rebirths in various forms of life (saṃsāra) (cycles of existence, worldly lives, rebirths)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saṃsāra

saṁsāra - wandering through, course, passage; rebirth, transmigration, worldly existence (saṃsāra)

From saṃ-sṛ (to flow together, to move)

Prefix: sam

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āpnoti'.

त्रीन् (trīn) - three (cycles of existence) (three)

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'saṃsārān'.

आप्नोति (āpnoti) - experiences or undergoes (attains, obtains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of āp

Present tense, Active voice

Root āp (5th class)

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

न (na) - negating doubt (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - there is no doubt (doubt, uncertainty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion

From saṃ-śī (to lie down together, to doubt)

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for an implied 'asti'.