महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-112, verse-52

खरो जीवति मासांस्तु दश श्वा च चतुर्दश ।
बिडालः सप्त मासांस्तु ततो जायति मानवः ॥५२॥

52. kharo jīvati māsāṁstu daśa śvā ca caturdaśa ,
biḍālaḥ sapta māsāṁstu tato jāyati mānavaḥ.

52. kharaḥ jīvati māsān tu daśa śvā ca caturdaśa
biḍālaḥ sapta māsān tu tataḥ jāyati mānavaḥ

52. kharaḥ daśa māsān tu jīvati ca śvā caturdaśa
biḍālaḥ sapta māsān tu tataḥ mānavaḥ jāyati

52. A donkey lives for ten months, and a dog for fourteen. A cat lives for seven months; thereafter, one is born as a human being.

Words meanings summery:

• खरः (kharaḥ) - donkey, ass

• जीवति (jīvati) - lives

• मासान् (māsān) - months

• तु (tu) - indeed, but

• दश (daśa) - ten

• श्वा (śvā) - dog

• च (ca) - and

• चतुर्दश (caturdaśa) - fourteen

• बिडालः (biḍālaḥ) - cat

• सप्त (sapta) - seven

• मासान् (māsān) - months

• तु (tu) - indeed, but

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• जायति (jāyati) - is born

• मानवः (mānavaḥ) - human being, man

Words meanings and morphology

खरः (kharaḥ) - donkey, ass

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khara

khara - donkey, ass

जीवति (jīvati) - lives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

present thematic verb

Root 'jīv' in 1st class.

Root: jīv (class 1)

मासान् (māsān) - months

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of māsa

māsa - month, moon

Note: Accusative plural used to express duration of time.

तु (tu) - indeed, but

(indeclinable)

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

श्वा (śvā) - dog

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvan

śvan - dog

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

चतुर्दश (caturdaśa) - fourteen

(numeral)

बिडालः (biḍālaḥ) - cat

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of biḍāla

biḍāla - cat

सप्त (sapta) - seven

(numeral)

मासान् (māsān) - months

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of māsa

māsa - month, moon

Note: Accusative plural used to express duration of time.

तु (tu) - indeed, but

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

Suffix -tas from 'tad' (that).

जायति (jāyati) - is born

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jan

present thematic verb (poetic/archaic variation)

Active voice form, sometimes attested as 'jāyati' alongside more common middle 'jāyate'.

Root: jan (class 1)

मानवः (mānavaḥ) - human being, man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānava

mānava - human being, man, descendant of Manu

Derived from 'manu'.