महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-112, verse-56

वानरो दश वर्षाणि त्रीणि वर्षाणि मूषकः ।
श्वा भूत्वा चाथ षण्मासांस्ततो जायति मानुषः ॥५६॥

56. vānaro daśa varṣāṇi trīṇi varṣāṇi mūṣakaḥ ,
śvā bhūtvā cātha ṣaṇmāsāṁstato jāyati mānuṣaḥ.

56. vānaraḥ daśa varṣāṇi trīṇi varṣāṇi mūṣakaḥ |
śvā bhūtvā ca atha ṣaṇmāsān tataḥ jāyati mānuṣaḥ

56. (saḥ) daśa varṣāṇi vānaraḥ (bhavati) trīṇi varṣāṇi mūṣakaḥ
(bhavati) atha ca ṣaṇmāsān śvā bhūtvā tataḥ mānuṣaḥ jāyati

56. One is reborn as a monkey for ten years, a mouse for three years, and then, after becoming a dog for six months, is subsequently born as a human being.

Words meanings summery:

• वानरः (vānaraḥ) - a monkey

• दश (daśa) - ten

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

• त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

• मूषकः (mūṣakaḥ) - a mouse, a rat

• श्वा (śvā) - a dog

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, having been

• च (ca) - and, also

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, next

• षण्मासान् (ṣaṇmāsān) - six months, for six months

• ततः (tataḥ) - thence, thereafter, from that

• जायति (jāyati) - is born, comes into being

• मानुषः (mānuṣaḥ) - a human being

Words meanings and morphology

वानरः (vānaraḥ) - a monkey

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānara

vānara - monkey

दश (daśa) - ten

(indeclinable)

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain

Note: Used here to denote duration of time.

त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of tri

tri - three

Note: Agrees with 'varṣāṇi'.

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain

Note: Used here to denote duration of time.

मूषकः (mūṣakaḥ) - a mouse, a rat

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūṣaka

mūṣaka - mouse, rat

श्वा (śvā) - a dog

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvan

śvan - dog

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, having been

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root 'bhū' (to be, become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, next

(indeclinable)

षण्मासान् (ṣaṇmāsān) - six months, for six months

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṣaṇmāsa

ṣaṇmāsa - six months

Compound type : dvigu (ṣaṣ+māsa)

• ṣaṣ – six
  numeral
• māsa – month
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used here to denote duration of time.

ततः (tataḥ) - thence, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

जायति (jāyati) - is born, comes into being

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of jan

This form 'jāyati' is an older/Vedic present stem from root 'jan', often meaning 'is born' in a passive sense.

Root: jan (class 4)

मानुषः (mānuṣaḥ) - a human being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, pertaining to humans, a man