महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-112, verse-12

असहायः पिता माता तथा भ्राता सुतो गुरुः ।
ज्ञातिसंबन्धिवर्गश्च मित्रवर्गस्तथैव च ॥१२॥

12. asahāyaḥ pitā mātā tathā bhrātā suto guruḥ ,
jñātisaṁbandhivargaśca mitravargastathaiva ca.

12. asahāyaḥ pitā mātā tathā bhrātā sutaḥ guruḥ
jñātisambandhivargaḥ ca mitravargaḥ tathā eva ca

12. pitā mātā tathā bhrātā sutaḥ guruḥ asahāyaḥ
jñātisambandhivargaḥ ca mitravargaḥ tathā eva ca

12. Father, mother, as well as a brother, a son, and a spiritual teacher (guru) are all unable to truly help (a person in these ultimate matters). The group of relatives and the group of friends are likewise (unable to help).

Words meanings summery:

• असहायः (asahāyaḥ) - unable to provide ultimate assistance or companionship in life's ultimate challenges. (helpless, without help, without companions)

• पिता (pitā) - father

• माता (mātā) - mother

• तथा (tathā) - as well as or and, connecting the list of relations. (thus, so, in that manner, and, as well as)

• भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son, born

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - a spiritual or respected teacher. (spiritual teacher, preceptor, heavy, venerable)

• ज्ञातिसम्बन्धिवर्गः (jñātisambandhivargaḥ) - all relations, both direct and indirect. (class/group of relatives by blood and marriage)

• च (ca) - connects jñātisambandhivarga with the previous list. (and, also)

• मित्रवर्गः (mitravargaḥ) - class/group of friends

• तथा (tathā) - and likewise, connecting mitravarga to the rest. (thus, so, in that manner, and, as well as)

• एव (eva) - emphasizes the similarity or confirms the statement: 'likewise indeed'. (indeed, just, only, certainly)

• च (ca) - connects mitravargaḥ with tathā eva. (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

असहायः (asahāyaḥ) - unable to provide ultimate assistance or companionship in life's ultimate challenges. (helpless, without help, without companions)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asahāya

asahāya - helpless, friendless, without companions

negative prefix a- added to sahāya

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+sahāya)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• sahāya – companion, helper, assistant
  noun (masculine)

Note: This adjective describes all the subsequent nouns.

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: ṛ-ending noun, nominative singular.

माता (mātā) - mother

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: ṛ-ending noun, nominative singular.

तथा (tathā) - as well as or and, connecting the list of relations. (thus, so, in that manner, and, as well as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as a conjunction here.

भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: ṛ-ending noun, nominative singular.

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son, born

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son

Past Passive Participle (from sū, to give birth)

Root: sū (class 4)

Note: Also means "born" as a participle.

गुरुः (guruḥ) - a spiritual or respected teacher. (spiritual teacher, preceptor, heavy, venerable)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - spiritual teacher, preceptor, venerable, heavy

Note: u-ending noun, nominative singular.

ज्ञातिसम्बन्धिवर्गः (jñātisambandhivargaḥ) - all relations, both direct and indirect. (class/group of relatives by blood and marriage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñātisambandhivarga

jñātisambandhivarga - group of blood relations and relations by marriage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jñāti+sambandhi+varga)

• jñāti – kinsman, relative by blood
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• sambandhi – relative by marriage, connection, relation
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bandh (class 9)
• varga – class, group, category
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound of jñāti (blood relative), sambandhi (relative by marriage), and varga (group).

च (ca) - connects jñātisambandhivarga with the previous list. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Always placed after the word it connects.

मित्रवर्गः (mitravargaḥ) - class/group of friends

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mitravarga

mitravarga - group of friends

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mitra+varga)

• mitra – friend
  noun (masculine)
• varga – class, group, category
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound of mitra (friend) and varga (group).

तथा (tathā) - and likewise, connecting mitravarga to the rest. (thus, so, in that manner, and, as well as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as a conjunction here.

एव (eva) - emphasizes the similarity or confirms the statement: 'likewise indeed'. (indeed, just, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: An emphasizing particle.

च (ca) - connects mitravargaḥ with tathā eva. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Always placed after the word it connects.