महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-112, verse-78

क्रौञ्चो जीवति मासांस्तु दश द्वौ सप्त पञ्च च ।
ततो निधनमापन्नो मानुषत्वमुपाश्नुते ॥७८॥

78. krauñco jīvati māsāṁstu daśa dvau sapta pañca ca ,
tato nidhanamāpanno mānuṣatvamupāśnute.

78. krauñcaḥ jīvati māsān tu daśa dvau sapta pañca
ca tataḥ nidhanam āpannaḥ mānuṣatvam upāśnute

78. krauñcaḥ daśa dvau sapta pañca ca māsān tu jīvati
tataḥ nidhanam āpannaḥ mānuṣatvam upāśnute

78. A crane lives for ten, two, seven, and five months (i.e., twenty-four months). Then, having met death, it attains human existence.

Words meanings summery:

• क्रौञ्चः (krauñcaḥ) - a crane (reborn) (crane, curlew)

• जीवति (jīvati) - lives (lives, exists)

• मासान् (māsān) - for months (months)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• दश (daśa) - ten

• द्वौ (dvau) - two

• सप्त (sapta) - seven

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• च (ca) - and

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, after that (then, thence, therefore, from that)

• निधनम् (nidhanam) - death (death, destruction, end)

• आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having met (death) (having attained, having reached, fallen into)

• मानुषत्वम् (mānuṣatvam) - human existence (humanity, human state, quality of a human)

• उपाश्नुते (upāśnute) - attains, experiences (obtains, reaches, experiences)

Words meanings and morphology

क्रौञ्चः (krauñcaḥ) - a crane (reborn) (crane, curlew)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krauñca

krauñca - crane, curlew

जीवति (jīvati) - lives (lives, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

present indicative, 3rd person singular, active voice

From root jīv (1st class).

Root: jīv (class 1)

मासान् (māsān) - for months (months)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of māsa

māsa - month, moon

Note: Adverbial accusative of duration.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Modifies māsān.

द्वौ (dvau) - two

(numeral)

Note: Refers to 2 months.

सप्त (sapta) - seven

(numeral)

Note: Refers to 7 months.

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

Note: Refers to 5 months.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the numbers.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, after that (then, thence, therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

ablative of tad + suffix -tas

Note: Indicates a sequence.

निधनम् (nidhanam) - death (death, destruction, end)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - death, destruction, end

From root dhā (to place) + prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having met (death) (having attained, having reached, fallen into)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpanna

āpanna - attained, reached, fallen into

past passive participle

Root āp (to obtain, reach) + prefix ā- + suffix -ta.

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective or part of a periphrastic construction.

मानुषत्वम् (mānuṣatvam) - human existence (humanity, human state, quality of a human)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mānuṣatva

mānuṣatva - humanity, human state, quality of a human

Derived from mānuṣa (human) + suffix -tva (abstract noun former).

उपाश्नुते (upāśnute) - attains, experiences (obtains, reaches, experiences)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of upāś

present indicative, 3rd person singular, middle voice

From root aś (to obtain, pervade) + prefix upa- + ā-. 5th class.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: aś (class 5)

Note: The subject is the implied saḥ (the one who was the crane).