महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-112, verse-51

पितरं मातरं वापि यस्तु पुत्रोऽवमन्यते ।
सोऽपि राजन्मृतो जन्तुः पूर्वं जायति गर्दभः ॥५१॥

51. pitaraṁ mātaraṁ vāpi yastu putro'vamanyate ,
so'pi rājanmṛto jantuḥ pūrvaṁ jāyati gardabhaḥ.

51. pitaram mātaram vā api yaḥ tu putraḥ avamanyate
saḥ api rājan mṛtaḥ jantuḥ pūrvam jāyati gardabhaḥ

51. rājan yaḥ putraḥ pitaram mātaram vā api avamanyate
saḥ jantuḥ api mṛtaḥ pūrvam gardabhaḥ jāyati

51. O King, the son who disrespects his father or mother, that creature, upon death, is first born as a donkey.

Words meanings summery:

• पितरम् (pitaram) - father

• मातरम् (mātaram) - mother

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - even, also

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son, child

• अवमन्यते (avamanyate) - disrespects, despises

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अपि (api) - also, even

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - upon death (dead, deceased)

• जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - creature, being

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first, previously

• जायति (jāyati) - is born

• गर्दभः (gardabhaḥ) - donkey, ass

Words meanings and morphology

पितरम् (pitaram) - father

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

मातरम् (mātaram) - mother

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

(indeclinable)

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son, child

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

अवमन्यते (avamanyate) - disrespects, despises

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ava-man

present thematic verb

Root 'man' in 4th class (manyate). Combined with upasarga 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - upon death (dead, deceased)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased

past passive participle

Derived from root 'mṛ' (to die).

Root: mṛ (class 1)

जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - creature, being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jantu

jantu - creature, living being, animal

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first, previously

(indeclinable)

जायति (jāyati) - is born

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jan

present thematic verb (poetic/archaic variation)

Active voice form, sometimes attested as 'jāyati' alongside more common middle 'jāyate'.

Root: jan (class 1)

गर्दभः (gardabhaḥ) - donkey, ass

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gardabha

gardabha - donkey, ass