महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-112, verse-20

बृहस्पतिरुवाच ।
पृथिवी वायुराकाशमापो ज्योतिश्च पञ्चमम् ।
बुद्धिरात्मा च सहिता धर्मं पश्यन्ति नित्यदा ॥२०॥

20. bṛhaspatiruvāca ,
pṛthivī vāyurākāśamāpo jyotiśca pañcamam ,
buddhirātmā ca sahitā dharmaṁ paśyanti nityadā.

20. bṛhaspatiḥ uvāca | pṛthivī vāyuḥ ākāśam āpaḥ jyotiḥ ca
pañcamam | buddhiḥ ātmā ca sahitā dharmam paśyanti nityadā

20. bṛhaspatiḥ uvāca pṛthivī vāyuḥ ākāśam āpaḥ jyotiḥ ca
pañcamam buddhiḥ ātmā ca sahitā nityadā dharmam paśyanti

20. Bṛhaspati said: Earth, air, space, water, and fire (the fifth element), along with the intellect and the self (ātman) united, always perceive (natural law) dharma.

Words meanings summery:

• बृहस्पतिः (bṛhaspatiḥ) - Bṛhaspati (name of a Vedic deity and preceptor of the gods)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke, stated

• पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - earth, the earth

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind, air, the air element

• आकाशम् (ākāśam) - space, sky, ether (as an element)

• आपः (āpaḥ) - waters, water (as an element)

• ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - fire (element) (light, luster, fire (as an element))

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• पञ्चमम् (pañcamam) - the fifth (element) (fifth)

• बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect (intellect, understanding, discernment)

• आत्मा (ātmā) - self (ātman) (self (ātman), soul, individual spirit)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• सहिता (sahitā) - united (referring to the intellect, implying its union with the self, or both entities collectively in a state of togetherness) (united, accompanied, joined, together)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - (natural law) dharma ((natural law) dharma, righteousness, duty, cosmic order)

• पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they see, they perceive, they observe

• नित्यदा (nityadā) - always, perpetually, constantly, eternally

Words meanings and morphology

बृहस्पतिः (bṛhaspatiḥ) - Bṛhaspati (name of a Vedic deity and preceptor of the gods)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhaspati

bṛhaspati - lord of prayer or devotion, name of a Vedic deity (preceptor of the gods)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke, stated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - earth, the earth

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, the earth (as an element)

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind, air, the air element

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air, the god of wind

आकाशम् (ākāśam) - space, sky, ether (as an element)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - space, sky, ether, the subtlest of the five elements

आपः (āpaḥ) - waters, water (as an element)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water, waters (used almost exclusively in plural)

ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - fire (element) (light, luster, fire (as an element))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jyotis

jyotis - light, luster, radiance, star, fire

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

पञ्चमम् (pañcamam) - the fifth (element) (fifth)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pañcama

pañcama - fifth

Note: Agreeing with 'jyotiḥ' (light/fire) in this context, which is neuter.

बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect (intellect, understanding, discernment)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, reason, perception

Root: budh (class 1)

आत्मा (ātmā) - self (ātman) (self (ātman), soul, individual spirit)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, individual spirit, essence

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

सहिता (sahitā) - united (referring to the intellect, implying its union with the self, or both entities collectively in a state of togetherness) (united, accompanied, joined, together)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, joined or united with, together, containing

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √sah (to be with, to endure)

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Grammatically feminine singular, it refers to the collective subject of 'buddhi' (f.) and 'ātmā' (m.), effectively meaning 'together' for the two entities that perceive.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - (natural law) dharma ((natural law) dharma, righteousness, duty, cosmic order)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - (natural law), duty, righteousness, virtue, cosmic order, intrinsic nature

Derived from the root √dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they see, they perceive, they observe

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (lat) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

नित्यदा (nityadā) - always, perpetually, constantly, eternally

(indeclinable)