महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-112, verse-59

असूयको नरश्चापि मृतो जायति शार्ङ्गकः ।
विश्वासहर्ता तु नरो मीनो जायति दुर्मतिः ॥५९॥

59. asūyako naraścāpi mṛto jāyati śārṅgakaḥ ,
viśvāsahartā tu naro mīno jāyati durmatiḥ.

59. asūyakaḥ naraḥ ca api mṛtaḥ jāyati śārṅgakaḥ
| viśvāsahartā tu naraḥ mīnaḥ jāyati durmatiḥ

59. An envious person, even after death, is reborn as a vulture. However, a person who betrays trust, being evil-minded, is reborn as a fish.

Words meanings summery:

• असूयकः (asūyakaḥ) - an envious person (envious, jealous, malicious)

• नरः (naraḥ) - a person (man, person)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - even, also (also, even, too)

• मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - having died (after death) (dead, deceased, having died)

• जायति (jāyati) - is reborn, becomes (is born, becomes, appears)

• शार्ङ्गकः (śārṅgakaḥ) - a vulture (as a lower birth) (a kind of bird, vulture, crane)

• विश्वासहर्ता (viśvāsahartā) - a person who betrays trust (betrayer of trust, one who takes away confidence)

• तु (tu) - however, but (but, on the other hand, however)

• नरः (naraḥ) - a person (man, person)

• मीनः (mīnaḥ) - a fish (as a lower birth) (fish)

• जायति (jāyati) - is reborn, becomes (is born, becomes, appears)

• दुर्मतिः (durmatiḥ) - evil-minded (referring to the betrayer) (evil-minded, foolish, wicked)

Words meanings and morphology

असूयकः (asūyakaḥ) - an envious person (envious, jealous, malicious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asūyaka

asūyaka - envious, jealous, censorious

agent noun from √asūy

Formed with suffix -aka from root asūy (to be envious).

Root: asūy (class 1)

नरः (naraḥ) - a person (man, person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Root: nṛ

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - having died (after death) (dead, deceased, having died)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased, past away

Past Passive Participle

From root √mṛ (to die), suffix -ta.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'naraḥ'.

जायति (jāyati) - is reborn, becomes (is born, becomes, appears)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jāyati

present active

Present tense, active voice, 3rd person singular of √jan (class 4)

Root: jan (class 4)

शार्ङ्गकः (śārṅgakaḥ) - a vulture (as a lower birth) (a kind of bird, vulture, crane)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śārṅgaka

śārṅgaka - a kind of bird (vulture, crane); also 'made of horn'

From śṛṅga (horn) + -ka, or derived from śāṅga (a kind of bird). Context suggests a type of bird.

विश्वासहर्ता (viśvāsahartā) - a person who betrays trust (betrayer of trust, one who takes away confidence)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāsahartṛ

viśvāsahartṛ - one who takes away or destroys trust, a betrayer

agent noun

Compound of viśvāsa (trust) and hartṛ (taker, remover - agent noun from √hṛ).

Compound type : tatpurusha (viśvāsa+hartṛ)

• viśvāsa – trust, confidence, faith
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-√śvas (to trust).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śvas (class 2)
• hartṛ – taker, remover, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root √hṛ (to take, carry, seize).
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: The nominative singular form for an agent noun ending in -tṛ.

तु (tu) - however, but (but, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

नरः (naraḥ) - a person (man, person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Root: nṛ

मीनः (mīnaḥ) - a fish (as a lower birth) (fish)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mīna

mīna - fish

जायति (jāyati) - is reborn, becomes (is born, becomes, appears)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jāyati

present active

Present tense, active voice, 3rd person singular of √jan (class 4)

Root: jan (class 4)

दुर्मतिः (durmatiḥ) - evil-minded (referring to the betrayer) (evil-minded, foolish, wicked)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmati

durmati - evil-minded, wicked, foolish; bad intellect

Compound of dur (bad) and mati (mind, intellect).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dur+mati)

• dur – bad, difficult, evil (prefix)
  indeclinable
• mati – mind, intellect, thought, intention
  noun (feminine)
  From √man (to think).
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'naraḥ'.