महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-102, verse-78

ललाटेऽताडयच्चैनं नाराचेन स्मयन्निव ।
ऊर्ध्वरश्मिरिवादित्यो विबभौ तत्र पाण्डवः ॥७८॥

78. lalāṭe'tāḍayaccainaṁ nārācena smayanniva ,
ūrdhvaraśmirivādityo vibabhau tatra pāṇḍavaḥ.

78. lalāṭe atāḍayat ca enam nārācena smayan iva
ūrdhva-raśmiḥ iva ādityaḥ vibabhau tatra pāṇḍavaḥ

78. ca smayan iva enam lalāṭe nārācena atāḍayat
tatra pāṇḍavaḥ ūrdhva-raśmiḥ ādityaḥ iva vibabhau

78. And as if smiling, he struck him on the forehead with an arrow. There, the Pāṇḍava (Arjuna) shone like the sun with its upward-pointing rays.

Words meanings summery:

• ललाटे (lalāṭe) - on the forehead

• अताडयत् (atāḍayat) - he struck, he hit

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एनम् (enam) - referring to Drona, who was struck by the Pāṇḍava. (him (masculine))

• नाराचेन (nārācena) - with an iron arrow, with an arrow

• स्मयन् (smayan) - smiling, laughing

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• ऊर्ध्व-रश्मिः (ūrdhva-raśmiḥ) - with upward rays, having upward beams

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - the sun, a son of Aditi

• विबभौ (vibabhau) - he shone, he appeared splendidly

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna, one of the five Pāṇḍava brothers. (a descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu)

Words meanings and morphology

ललाटे (lalāṭe) - on the forehead

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of lalāṭa

lalāṭa - forehead, brow

अताडयत् (atāḍayat) - he struck, he hit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of atāḍayat

imperfect past tense

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of the verb root 'tāḍ' (to strike).

Root: taḍ (class 10)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - referring to Drona, who was struck by the Pāṇḍava. (him (masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, he, him

A demonstrative pronoun, usually occurring in oblique cases.

नाराचेन (nārācena) - with an iron arrow, with an arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nārāca

nārāca - an iron arrow, a particular kind of arrow

स्मयन् (smayan) - smiling, laughing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smayat

smayat - smiling, laughing

present active participle

Present active participle of the verb root 'smi' (to smile, laugh).

Root: smi (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

ऊर्ध्व-रश्मिः (ūrdhva-raśmiḥ) - with upward rays, having upward beams

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ūrdhva-raśmi

ūrdhva-raśmi - having upward rays/beams

Bahuvrīhi compound, describing something that has upward rays.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ūrdhva+raśmi)

• ūrdhva – upward, elevated, high
  adjective (masculine)
• raśmi – ray, beam, rope, rein
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - the sun, a son of Aditi

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āditya

āditya - the sun, a son of Aditi, a god

विबभौ (vibabhau) - he shone, he appeared splendidly

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vibabhau

perfect tense

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of the verb root 'bhā' (to shine) with the preverb 'vi' (apart, extensively).

Prefix: vi

Root: bhā (class 2)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna, one of the five Pāṇḍava brothers. (a descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

Derived from Pāṇḍu with a patronymic suffix 'a'.