महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-102, verse-6

सोऽपश्यन्नरशार्दूलं वानरर्षभलक्षणम् ।
गाण्डीवस्य च निर्घोषमशृण्वन्व्यथितेन्द्रियः ॥६॥

6. so'paśyannaraśārdūlaṁ vānararṣabhalakṣaṇam ,
gāṇḍīvasya ca nirghoṣamaśṛṇvanvyathitendriyaḥ.

6. saḥ apaśyan naraśārdūlam vānararṣabha-lakṣaṇam
gāṇḍīvasya ca nirghoṣam aśṛṇvan vyathita-indriyaḥ

6. saḥ naraśārdūlam vānararṣabha-lakṣaṇam apaśyan,
ca gāṇḍīvasya nirghoṣam aśṛṇvan,
vyathita-indriyaḥ (abhūt).

6. Not seeing that tiger among men (naraśārdūla) who bore the emblem of the best of monkeys (vānararṣabhalakṣaṇam), and not hearing the sound of the Gāṇḍīva [bow], his senses became distressed.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (Yudhishthira) (he, that (person))

• अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - (he was) not seeing (not seeing, not beholding)

• नरशार्दूलम् (naraśārdūlam) - Arjuna, the tiger among men (tiger among men, best of men)

• वानरर्षभ-लक्षणम् (vānararṣabha-lakṣaṇam) - bearing the insignia of the best of monkeys (Hanumān on Arjuna's banner) (marked with the emblem of a chief monkey)

• गाण्डीवस्य (gāṇḍīvasya) - of Arjuna's Gāṇḍīva bow (of the Gāṇḍīva (bow))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• निर्घोषम् (nirghoṣam) - the twang/sound (of the bow) (sound, roar, twang)

• अशृण्वन् (aśṛṇvan) - (he was) not hearing (not hearing)

• व्यथित-इन्द्रियः (vyathita-indriyaḥ) - (his) senses were distressed (with distressed senses, whose senses were troubled)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (Yudhishthira) (he, that (person))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Yudhishthira from the previous verse.

अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - (he was) not seeing (not seeing, not beholding)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of a-dṛś

a-dṛś - not seeing, blind

Present active participle

From root `dṛś` (to see) with negative prefix `a`, present active participle, masculine nominative singular.

Prefix: a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

नरशार्दूलम् (naraśārdūlam) - Arjuna, the tiger among men (tiger among men, best of men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naraśārdūla

naraśārdūla - tiger among men, foremost of men

Accusative singular of 'naraśārdūla'.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (nara+śārdūla)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'apaśyan'.

वानरर्षभ-लक्षणम् (vānararṣabha-lakṣaṇam) - bearing the insignia of the best of monkeys (Hanumān on Arjuna's banner) (marked with the emblem of a chief monkey)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vānararṣabha-lakṣaṇa

vānararṣabha-lakṣaṇa - having the mark/emblem of the chief of monkeys (Hanumān)

Accusative singular of 'vānararṣabha-lakṣaṇa'.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (vānara+ṛṣabha+lakṣaṇa)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent, best
  noun (masculine)
• lakṣaṇa – mark, sign, characteristic, emblem
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'naraśārdūlam'.

गाण्डीवस्य (gāṇḍīvasya) - of Arjuna's Gāṇḍīva bow (of the Gāṇḍīva (bow))

(proper noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of gāṇḍīva

gāṇḍīva - the name of Arjuna's bow

Genitive singular of 'gāṇḍīva'.

Note: Qualifies 'nirghoṣam'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

निर्घोषम् (nirghoṣam) - the twang/sound (of the bow) (sound, roar, twang)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirghoṣa

nirghoṣa - sound, roar, clang, twang

From `nis` + root `ghuṣ` (to sound). Accusative singular.

Prefix: nis

Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

अशृण्वन् (aśṛṇvan) - (he was) not hearing (not hearing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of a-śṛṇvat

a-śṛṇvat - not hearing

Present active participle

From root `śru` (to hear) with negative prefix `a`, present active participle, masculine nominative singular.

Prefix: a

Root: śru (class 5)

व्यथित-इन्द्रियः (vyathita-indriyaḥ) - (his) senses were distressed (with distressed senses, whose senses were troubled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyathita-indriya

vyathita-indriya - having distressed senses

Nominative singular of 'vyathita-indriya'.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (vyathita+indriya)

• vyathita – distressed, agitated, troubled
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `vyath` (to be agitated).
  Root: vyath (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty (of sense)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' (Yudhishthira).