महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-102, verse-7

अपश्यन्सात्यकिं चापि वृष्णीनां प्रवरं रथम् ।
चिन्तयाभिपरीताङ्गो धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ।
नाध्यगच्छत्तदा शान्तिं तावपश्यन्नरर्षभौ ॥७॥

7. apaśyansātyakiṁ cāpi vṛṣṇīnāṁ pravaraṁ ratham ,
cintayābhiparītāṅgo dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
nādhyagacchattadā śāntiṁ tāvapaśyannararṣabhau.

7. apaśyan sātyakim ca api vṛṣṇīnām pravaram
ratham cintayā abhiparīta-aṅgaḥ
dharma-rājaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ na adhi-agacchat
tadā śāntim tau apaśyan nara-ṛṣabhau

7. dharma-rājaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ sātyakim ca api vṛṣṇīnām pravaram ratham apaśyan.
(saḥ) cintayā abhiparīta-aṅgaḥ tau nara-ṛṣabhau apaśyan tadā śāntim na adhi-agacchat.

7. Not seeing Sātyaki, the foremost charioteer (ratham) of the Vṛṣṇis, the King of righteousness (dharmarāja) Yudhishthira, whose body was overcome with anxiety, did not find peace at that time, as he did not see those two best of men (nararṣabhau).

Words meanings summery:

• अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - (he was) not seeing (not seeing)

• सात्यकिम् (sātyakim) - Sātyaki (a Yadava warrior, Krishna's charioteer) (Sātyaki (proper noun))

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even

• वृष्णीनाम् (vṛṣṇīnām) - of the Vṛṣṇi clan (of the Vṛṣṇis)

• प्रवरम् (pravaram) - foremost (chief, excellent, foremost)

• रथम् (ratham) - charioteer, warrior (referring to Sātyaki) (chariot; (by extension) charioteer, warrior)

• चिन्तया (cintayā) - by anxiety (by worry, by anxiety)

• अभिपरीत-अङ्गः (abhiparīta-aṅgaḥ) - whose body/limbs were overcome by anxiety (whose limbs are overwhelmed/surrounded)

• धर्म-राजः (dharma-rājaḥ) - Yudhishthira, the King of righteousness (dharma) (king of righteousness, Yudhishthira)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

• न (na) - did not (not)

• अधि-अगच्छत् (adhi-agacchat) - did not attain/find (reached, obtained, attained)

• तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

• शान्तिम् (śāntim) - peace, mental calm (peace, tranquility, repose)

• तौ (tau) - those two (Arjuna and Krishna) (those two)

• अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - (by) not seeing (not seeing)

• नर-ऋषभौ (nara-ṛṣabhau) - those two best of men (Arjuna and Krishna) (two best of men)

Words meanings and morphology

अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - (he was) not seeing (not seeing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of a-dṛś

a-dṛś - not seeing

Present active participle

From root `dṛś` (to see) with negative prefix `a`, present active participle, masculine nominative singular.

Prefix: a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सात्यकिम् (sātyakim) - Sātyaki (a Yadava warrior, Krishna's charioteer) (Sātyaki (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - Sātyaki (a name of Yuyudhāna, a Yadava warrior and student of Arjuna)

Accusative singular of 'sātyaki'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Particle.

वृष्णीनाम् (vṛṣṇīnām) - of the Vṛṣṇi clan (of the Vṛṣṇis)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vṛṣṇi

vṛṣṇi - name of an ancient Yadava clan, to which Krishna belonged

Genitive plural of 'vṛṣṇi'.

प्रवरम् (pravaram) - foremost (chief, excellent, foremost)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pravara

pravara - chief, excellent, best, foremost

From `pra` (forth) + root `vṛ` (to choose). Accusative singular.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛ (class 9)

रथम् (ratham) - charioteer, warrior (referring to Sātyaki) (chariot; (by extension) charioteer, warrior)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot; (often implies) charioteer, warrior (mahāratha)

Accusative singular of 'ratha'.

Root: ramh (class 1)

चिन्तया (cintayā) - by anxiety (by worry, by anxiety)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of cintā

cintā - thought, consideration, anxiety, worry

Instrumental singular of 'cintā'.

Root: cit (class 10)

अभिपरीत-अङ्गः (abhiparīta-aṅgaḥ) - whose body/limbs were overcome by anxiety (whose limbs are overwhelmed/surrounded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhiparīta-aṅga

abhiparīta-aṅga - having limbs surrounded/overwhelmed (by something)

Nominative singular of 'abhiparīta-aṅga'.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (abhiparīta+aṅga)

• abhiparīta – encompassed, surrounded, overwhelmed
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `i` (to go) with prefixes `abhi` and `pari`.
  Prefixes: abhi+pari
  Root: i (class 2)
• aṅga – limb, body, part
  noun (neuter)

धर्म-राजः (dharma-rājaḥ) - Yudhishthira, the King of righteousness (dharma) (king of righteousness, Yudhishthira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma-rāja

dharma-rāja - king of righteousness, a title of Yudhishthira

Nominative singular of 'dharma-rāja'.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, constitution, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle, Yudhishthira

Nominative singular of 'yudhiṣṭhira'.

Compound type : Aluk-Tatpuruṣa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

न (na) - did not (not)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

अधि-अगच्छत् (adhi-agacchat) - did not attain/find (reached, obtained, attained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of adhigam

Imperfect active indicative

3rd person singular, imperfect active, from root `gam` (to go) with prefix `adhi`.

Prefix: adhi

Root: gam (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that) + 'dā' suffix, indicating time.

शान्तिम् (śāntim) - peace, mental calm (peace, tranquility, repose)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śānti

śānti - peace, tranquility, quiet, cessation, alleviation

Accusative singular of 'śānti'.

Root: śam (class 4)

तौ (tau) - those two (Arjuna and Krishna) (those two)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative/accusative dual.

Note: Object of the second 'apaśyan'.

अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - (by) not seeing (not seeing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of a-dṛś

a-dṛś - not seeing

Present active participle

From root `dṛś` (to see) with negative prefix `a`, present active participle, masculine nominative singular.

Prefix: a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

नर-ऋषभौ (nara-ṛṣabhau) - those two best of men (Arjuna and Krishna) (two best of men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of nara-ṛṣabha

nara-ṛṣabha - best of men, chief of men

Nominative/Accusative dual of 'nara-ṛṣabha'.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent, best
  noun (masculine)