महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-102, verse-20

यस्य बाहुबलं सर्वे समाश्रित्य महात्मनः ।
वनवासान्निवृत्ताः स्म न च युद्धेषु निर्जिताः ॥२०॥

20. yasya bāhubalaṁ sarve samāśritya mahātmanaḥ ,
vanavāsānnivṛttāḥ sma na ca yuddheṣu nirjitāḥ.

20. yasya bāhubalam sarve samāśritya mahātmanaḥ
vanavāsāt nivṛttāḥ sma na ca yuddheṣu nirjitāḥ

20. sarve,
yasya mahātmanaḥ bāhubalam samāśritya,
vanavāsāt nivṛttāḥ sma,
ca yuddheṣu na nirjitāḥ

20. All of us, having relied upon the arm strength of that great-souled one, have returned from our forest dwelling, and we have not been defeated in battles.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom (genitive singular masc./neut.)

• बाहुबलम् (bāhubalam) - arm strength, might of arms

• सर्वे (sarve) - all of us (all, everyone (nominative plural masc.))

• समाश्रित्य (samāśritya) - having relied upon, having taken refuge in

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - (referring to the same person as `yasya`, likely Bhīma) (of the great-souled one, of the noble one (genitive singular masc.))

• वनवासात् (vanavāsāt) - from forest dwelling/exile (ablative singular)

• निवृत्ताः (nivṛttāḥ) - we have returned (returned, freed, abstained from (nominative plural masc.))

• स्म (sma) - indicates perfect past tense 'we have returned' (particle indicating past tense with present verbs, or completing past sense with participles)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• युद्धेषु (yuddheṣu) - in battles, in wars

• निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - we were defeated (conquered, defeated, vanquished (nominative plural masc.))

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom (genitive singular masc./neut.)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, whose

Note: Refers to the 'great-souled one'.

बाहुबलम् (bāhubalam) - arm strength, might of arms

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bāhubala

bāhubala - arm strength, might of arms

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bāhu+bala)

• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of `samāśritya`.

सर्वे (sarve) - all of us (all, everyone (nominative plural masc.))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Subject of `nivṛttāḥ sma`.

समाश्रित्य (samāśritya) - having relied upon, having taken refuge in

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from root `śri` (to resort to) with prefixes `sam` and `ā`

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - (referring to the same person as `yasya`, likely Bhīma) (of the great-souled one, of the noble one (genitive singular masc.))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, a great person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self (ātman), soul, essence
  noun (masculine)

वनवासात् (vanavāsāt) - from forest dwelling/exile (ablative singular)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vanavāsa

vanavāsa - forest dwelling, living in the forest, exile

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+vāsa)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• vāsa – dwelling, residence, abode
  noun (masculine)

निवृत्ताः (nivṛttāḥ) - we have returned (returned, freed, abstained from (nominative plural masc.))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - returned, turned back, ceased, freed, finished

Past Passive Participle

from root `vṛt` (to turn) with prefix `ni`

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Used predicatively with `sma`.

स्म (sma) - indicates perfect past tense 'we have returned' (particle indicating past tense with present verbs, or completing past sense with participles)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

युद्धेषु (yuddheṣu) - in battles, in wars

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war, combat

Past Passive Participle used as noun

from root `yudh`

Root: yudh (class 4)

निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - we were defeated (conquered, defeated, vanquished (nominative plural masc.))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirjita

nirjita - conquered, defeated, vanquished

Past Passive Participle

from root `ji` (to conquer) with prefix `nir`

Prefix: nir

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Used predicatively.