महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-102, verse-60

नूनं व्यसनमापन्ने सुमहत्सव्यसाचिनि ।
कुरुभिर्युध्यते सार्धं सर्वैश्चक्रगदाधरः ॥६०॥

60. nūnaṁ vyasanamāpanne sumahatsavyasācini ,
kurubhiryudhyate sārdhaṁ sarvaiścakragadādharaḥ.

60. nūnaṃ vyasanam āpanne sumahat savyasācini
kurubhiḥ yudhyate sārdhaṃ sarvaiḥ cakragadādharaḥ

60. nūnaṃ sumahat vyasanam savyasācini āpanne cakragadādharaḥ sarvaiḥ kurubhiḥ sārdhaṃ yudhyate.

60. Surely, when a very great calamity has befallen Arjuna (Savyasācin), the wielder of the discus and mace (Kṛṣṇa) is fighting together with all the Kurus.

Words meanings summery:

• नूनं (nūnaṁ) - surely, certainly, indeed

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, misfortune, distress

• आपन्ने (āpanne) - having fallen into, having attained, having befallen

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, very mighty

• सव्यसाचिनि (savyasācini) - upon Arjuna, who is known as Savyasācin ('ambidextrous') (in Savyasācin, upon Savyasācin)

• कुरुभिः (kurubhiḥ) - by the Kurus, with the Kurus

• युध्यते (yudhyate) - is fought, fights

• सार्धं (sārdhaṁ) - together with, with

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all, with all

• चक्रगदाधरः (cakragadādharaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa, who carries the Sudarśana Chakra and Kaumodakī Gada (the wielder of the discus and mace)

Words meanings and morphology

नूनं (nūnaṁ) - surely, certainly, indeed

(indeclinable)

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, misfortune, distress

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - calamity, misfortune, disaster, vice

Note: Subject within the locative absolute construction.

आपन्ने (āpanne) - having fallen into, having attained, having befallen

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of āpanna

āpanna - obtained, fallen into, undergone

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'pad' (to go, fall) with the prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction, agreeing with 'savyasācini'.

सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, very mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very mighty, excellent

Compound type : prepositional compound (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  prefix
• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'vyasanam' within the locative absolute.

सव्यसाचिनि (savyasācini) - upon Arjuna, who is known as Savyasācin ('ambidextrous') (in Savyasācin, upon Savyasācin)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of savyasācin

savyasācin - ambidextrous, one who can shoot with the left hand (epithet of Arjuna)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (savya+sācin)

• savya – left (hand)
  adjective (masculine)
• sācin – shooting, drawing (a bow)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sac (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

कुरुभिः (kurubhiḥ) - by the Kurus, with the Kurus

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (name of an ancient king and his descendants, including Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons)

Note: Indicates accompaniment with 'sārdhaṃ'.

युध्यते (yudhyate) - is fought, fights

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

सार्धं (sārdhaṁ) - together with, with

(indeclinable)

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all, with all

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Universal pronoun/adjective.

Note: Qualifies 'kurubhiḥ'.

चक्रगदाधरः (cakragadādharaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa, who carries the Sudarśana Chakra and Kaumodakī Gada (the wielder of the discus and mace)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cakragadādhara

cakragadādhara - wielder of discus and mace

Compound type : bahuvrihi (cakra+gadā+dhara)

• cakra – discus, wheel
  noun (neuter)
• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• dhara – bearer, holder, wielder
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from the root 'dhṛ' (to hold, bear).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'yudhyate'.