महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-102, verse-51

नाहत्वा समरे द्रोणो धृष्टद्युम्नं कथंचन ।
निग्रहं धर्मराजस्य प्रकरिष्यति संयुगे ॥५१॥

51. nāhatvā samare droṇo dhṛṣṭadyumnaṁ kathaṁcana ,
nigrahaṁ dharmarājasya prakariṣyati saṁyuge.

51. na ahatvā samare Droṇaḥ Dhṛṣṭadyumnam kathaṃcana
nigraham Dharmarājasya prakariṣyati saṃyuge

51. Droṇaḥ Dhṛṣṭadyumnam samare ahatvā kathaṃcana
Dharmarājasya nigraham saṃyuge na prakariṣyati

51. Droṇa will certainly not accomplish the capture (nigraha) of Yudhishthira (Dharmarāja) in battle (saṃyuga) in any way, without first killing Dhṛṣṭadyumna in combat (samara).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अहत्वा (ahatvā) - without killing (without killing, not having killed)

• समरे (samare) - in combat (in battle, in combat)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (Droṇa (proper name))

• धृष्टद्युम्नम् (dhṛṣṭadyumnam) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Dhṛṣṭadyumna (proper name))

• कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - in any way (by any means, in any way, somehow)

• निग्रहम् (nigraham) - capture (nigraha) (capture, subjugation, restraint, defeat)

• धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of Yudhishthira (Dharmarāja) (of the king of dharma, of Yudhishthira)

• प्रकरिष्यति (prakariṣyati) - will accomplish (he will accomplish, he will perform, he will do)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in engagement, in conflict)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'prakariṣyati'.

अहत्वा (ahatvā) - without killing (without killing, not having killed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root √han (to kill) with suffix -tvā, negated by 'a-'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hatvā)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• hatvā – having killed
  indeclinable
  absolutive (gerund)
  From root √han + -tvā.
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Expresses a condition for the main action.

समरे (samare) - in combat (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, combat, conflict

Note: Refers to the location of killing Dhṛṣṭadyumna.

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (Droṇa (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Droṇa

Droṇa - Droṇa (proper name), a measure, a vessel

Note: Subject of 'prakariṣyati'.

धृष्टद्युम्नम् (dhṛṣṭadyumnam) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Dhṛṣṭadyumna (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of Dhṛṣṭadyumna

Dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (proper name)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛṣṭa+dyumna)

• dhṛṣṭa – bold, daring, impudent
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √dhṛṣ (to be bold).
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)
• dyumna – splendor, glory, wealth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'ahatvā'.

कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - in any way (by any means, in any way, somehow)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the difficulty or impossibility.

निग्रहम् (nigraham) - capture (nigraha) (capture, subjugation, restraint, defeat)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nigraha

nigraha - capture, subjugation, restraint, defeat

From prefix ni + root √grah (to seize).

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Object of 'prakariṣyati'.

धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of Yudhishthira (Dharmarāja) (of the king of dharma, of Yudhishthira)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of Dharmarāja

Dharmarāja - king of dharma, Yudhishthira, Yama

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Yudhishthira.

प्रकरिष्यति (prakariṣyati) - will accomplish (he will accomplish, he will perform, he will do)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of prakṛ

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The prefix 'pra-' adds intensity or direction.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in engagement, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, engagement, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to the location of the attempted capture.