महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-102, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
व्यूहेष्वालोड्यमानेषु पाण्डवानां ततस्ततः ।
सुदूरमन्वयुः पार्थाः पाञ्चालाः सह सोमकैः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
vyūheṣvāloḍyamāneṣu pāṇḍavānāṁ tatastataḥ ,
sudūramanvayuḥ pārthāḥ pāñcālāḥ saha somakaiḥ.

1. sañjaya uvāca vyūheṣu āloḍyamāneṣu pāṇḍavānām tatastataḥ
sudūram anvayuḥ pārthāḥ pāñcālāḥ saha somakaiḥ

1. sañjaya uvāca pāṇḍavānām vyūheṣu tatastataḥ āloḍyamāneṣu
pārthāḥ pāñcālāḥ somakaiḥ saha sudūram anvayuḥ

1. Sañjaya spoke: As the Pāṇḍavas' battle formations were being agitated from various directions, the Pārthas, the Pāñcālas, and the Somakas pursued their enemies very far.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• व्यूहेषु (vyūheṣu) - in the battle formations (in the formations, in the battle arrays)

• आलोड्यमानेषु (āloḍyamāneṣu) - when being agitated or shaken (when being stirred, when being disturbed, when being agitated)

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• ततस्ततः (tatastataḥ) - from various directions, from here and there

• सुदूरम् (sudūram) - very far, to a great distance

• अन्वयुः (anvayuḥ) - they followed, they pursued

• पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pṛthā (Kuntī); the Pāṇḍavas

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pāñcāla warriors, allies of the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāñcālas (people from Pañcāla kingdom))

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• सोमकैः (somakaiḥ) - with the Somaka warriors, allies of the Pāṇḍavas (with the Somakas)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - victorious, conqueror; a proper name (Vyāsa's charioteer)

Root: ji (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

root vac, 3rd person singular Perfect Active

Root: vac (class 2)

व्यूहेषु (vyūheṣu) - in the battle formations (in the formations, in the battle arrays)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of vyūha

vyūha - array, battle formation, arrangement

Prefixes: vi+ūh

Root: ūh (class 1)

आलोड्यमानेषु (āloḍyamāneṣu) - when being agitated or shaken (when being stirred, when being disturbed, when being agitated)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, plural of āloḍyamāna

āloḍyamāna - being agitated, being stirred, being disturbed, being churned

Present Passive Participle

From root luḍ, with prefix ā, passive voice, māna affix

Prefix: ā

Root: luḍ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vyūheṣu.

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

derived from Pāṇḍu

ततस्ततः (tatastataḥ) - from various directions, from here and there

(indeclinable)

Compound type : dvandva (tatas+tatas)

• tatas – from there, thence
  indeclinable
• tatas – from there, thence
  indeclinable

Note: Repetitive adverb.

सुदूरम् (sudūram) - very far, to a great distance

(indeclinable)

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (su+dūra)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• dūra – far, distant
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially.

अन्वयुः (anvayuḥ) - they followed, they pursued

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, aorist (luṅ) of anu-i

Aorist Active

root i (go) with prefix anu, 3rd person plural Aorist Active

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pṛthā (Kuntī); the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī); Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma

derived from Pṛthā (Kuntī)

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas.

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pāñcāla warriors, allies of the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāñcālas (people from Pañcāla kingdom))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a king or people of the Pañcāla country

Note: Refers to the allies of the Pāṇḍavas.

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs instrumental case.

सोमकैः (somakaiḥ) - with the Somaka warriors, allies of the Pāṇḍavas (with the Somakas)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of somaka

somaka - a descendant of Soma, a class of warriors/people

Note: Used with saha.