महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-281, verse-88

माता वृद्धा पिता वृद्धस्तयोर्यष्टिरहं किल ।
तौ रात्रौ मामपश्यन्तौ कामवस्थां गमिष्यतः ॥८८॥

88. mātā vṛddhā pitā vṛddhastayoryaṣṭirahaṁ kila ,
tau rātrau māmapaśyantau kāmavasthāṁ gamiṣyataḥ.

88. mātā vṛddhā pitā vṛddhaḥ tayoḥ yaṣṭiḥ aham kila
tau rātrau mām apaśyantau kām avasthām gamiṣyataḥ

88. My mother is old, and my father is old; I am indeed their support. What condition will they both fall into at night, when they do not see me?

Words meanings summery:

• माता (mātā) - mother

• वृद्धा (vṛddhā) - old, aged

• पिता (pitā) - father

• वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old, aged

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of them two, their (dual)

• यष्टिः (yaṣṭiḥ) - staff, stick, support

• अहम् (aham) - I

• किल (kila) - indeed, certainly, reportedly

• तौ (tau) - those two, they two

• रात्रौ (rātrau) - in the night, at night

• माम् (mām) - me

• अपश्यन्तौ (apaśyantau) - not seeing

• काम् (kām) - what, which

• अवस्थाम् (avasthām) - state, condition

• गमिष्यतः (gamiṣyataḥ) - they two will go, will reach

Words meanings and morphology

माता (mātā) - mother

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

वृद्धा (vṛddhā) - old, aged

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root vṛdh (to grow, increase) with the past passive participle suffix -ta.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old, aged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root vṛdh (to grow, increase) with the past passive participle suffix -ta.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of them two, their (dual)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

यष्टिः (yaṣṭiḥ) - staff, stick, support

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yaṣṭi

yaṣṭi - staff, stick, support, pillar

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

किल (kila) - indeed, certainly, reportedly

(indeclinable)

तौ (tau) - those two, they two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

रात्रौ (rātrau) - in the night, at night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

अपश्यन्तौ (apaśyantau) - not seeing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of apaśyant

paśyat - seeing

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root dṛś (to see), with present stem paśya, and the present active participle suffix -at. The 'a' prefix denotes negation.

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+paśyat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• paśyat – seeing, observing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root dṛś (to see), present stem paśya.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

काम् (kām) - what, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Used as an interrogative adjective here.

अवस्थाम् (avasthām) - state, condition

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of avasthā

avasthā - state, condition, situation, period of life

Derived from the root sthā (to stand) with the prefix ava.

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

गमिष्यतः (gamiṣyataḥ) - they two will go, will reach

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, future indicative (lṛṭ) of gam

Future tense (lṛṭ)

Root: gam (class 1)