महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-281, verse-50

यम उवाच ।
यथा यथा भाषसि धर्मसंहितं मनोनुकूलं सुपदं महार्थवत् ।
तथा तथा मे त्वयि भक्तिरुत्तमा वरं वृणीष्वाप्रतिमं यतव्रते ॥५०॥

50. yama uvāca ,
yathā yathā bhāṣasi dharmasaṁhitaṁ; manonukūlaṁ supadaṁ mahārthavat ,
tathā tathā me tvayi bhaktiruttamā; varaṁ vṛṇīṣvāpratimaṁ yatavrate.

50. yamaḥ uvāca yathā yathā bhāṣasi
dharmasaṃhitam manonukūlam supadam mahārthavat
tathā tathā me tvayi bhaktiḥ uttamā
varam vṛṇīṣva apratimam yatavrate

50. Yama said: 'The more you speak words that are in accordance with natural law (dharma), pleasing to the mind, excellent, and full of great meaning, the more my supreme devotion (bhakti) for you grows. Therefore, O one who has observed vows, choose an unparalleled boon.'

Words meanings summery:

• यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama, the lord of death

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यथा (yathā) - the more (in 'the more... the more...' construction) (as, just as, in whichever way, the more)

• यथा (yathā) - the more (in 'the more... the more...' construction) (as, just as, in whichever way, the more)

• भाषसि (bhāṣasi) - you speak, you say

• धर्मसंहितम् (dharmasaṁhitam) - in accordance with natural law (dharma) (in accordance with dharma, righteous, constitutional)

• मनोनुकूलम् (manonukūlam) - pleasing to the mind, agreeable

• सुपदम् (supadam) - with good words, excellent words, elegant

• महार्थवत् (mahārthavat) - full of great meaning, significant

• तथा (tathā) - the more (in 'the more... the more...' construction) (so, thus, in that manner, the more)

• तथा (tathā) - the more (in 'the more... the more...' construction) (so, thus, in that manner, the more)

• मे (me) - my (genitive sense) (to me, my, for me)

• त्वयि (tvayi) - in you, towards you

• भक्तिः (bhaktiḥ) - devotion (bhakti) (devotion, adoration, attachment)

• उत्तमा (uttamā) - supreme (excellent, best, supreme)

• वरम् (varam) - boon (boon, blessing, best thing)

• वृणीष्व (vṛṇīṣva) - choose, select (imperative)

• अप्रतिमम् (apratimam) - unparalleled, incomparable

• यतव्रते (yatavrate) - O one who has observed vows (referring to Savitri) (O you whose vows are observed, O devoted one)

Words meanings and morphology

यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama, the lord of death

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama, lord of death

Root: yam (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

Irregular perfect active 3rd singular of √vac (to speak). 'vaca' becomes 'uvaca' due to reduplication and vriddhi.

Root: vac (class 2)

यथा (yathā) - the more (in 'the more... the more...' construction) (as, just as, in whichever way, the more)

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - the more (in 'the more... the more...' construction) (as, just as, in whichever way, the more)

(indeclinable)

भाषसि (bhāṣasi) - you speak, you say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhāṣ

Present indicative active 2nd singular of √bhāṣ (to speak).

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

धर्मसंहितम् (dharmasaṁhitam) - in accordance with natural law (dharma) (in accordance with dharma, righteous, constitutional)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dharmasaṃhita

dharmasaṁhita - connected with dharma, in accordance with law/duty, righteous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+saṃhita)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• saṃhita – joined, connected, combined, placed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dhā with prefix saṃ, meaning 'put together, connected'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies an implied word like 'vacanam' or 'vacas'.

मनोनुकूलम् (manonukūlam) - pleasing to the mind, agreeable

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manonukūla

manonukūla - pleasing to the mind, agreeable

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manas+anukūla)

• manas – mind, intellect
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)
• anukūla – agreeable, favorable, pleasing
  adjective
  Prefix: anu
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies an implied word like 'vacanam' or 'vacas'.

सुपदम् (supadam) - with good words, excellent words, elegant

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of supada

supada - with good words, excellent words, elegant

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+pada)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• pada – word, foot, step
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies an implied word like 'vacanam' or 'vacas'.

महार्थवत् (mahārthavat) - full of great meaning, significant

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahārthavat

mahārthavat - full of great meaning, significant

From 'mahārtha' + suffix 'vat'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+artha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• artha – meaning, purpose, wealth
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Qualifies an implied word like 'vacanam' or 'vacas'.

तथा (tathā) - the more (in 'the more... the more...' construction) (so, thus, in that manner, the more)

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - the more (in 'the more... the more...' construction) (so, thus, in that manner, the more)

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my (genitive sense) (to me, my, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Also dative singular. Contextually genitive here.

त्वयि (tvayi) - in you, towards you

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

भक्तिः (bhaktiḥ) - devotion (bhakti) (devotion, adoration, attachment)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhakti

bhakti - devotion, adoration, attachment

From √bhaj (to share, to devote oneself to) + ktin suffix.

Root: bhaj (class 1)

उत्तमा (uttamā) - supreme (excellent, best, supreme)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of uttama

uttama - excellent, best, highest, supreme

Superlative form of 'ud' (up, out).

Note: Qualifies 'bhaktiḥ'.

वरम् (varam) - boon (boon, blessing, best thing)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, best thing

From √vṛ (to choose, to wish).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

वृणीष्व (vṛṇīṣva) - choose, select (imperative)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of vṛ

Imperative Middle 2nd singular of √vṛ (to choose).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

अप्रतिमम् (apratimam) - unparalleled, incomparable

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apratima

apratima - unparalleled, incomparable

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+pratima)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• pratima – likeness, image, comparison
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: prati
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'varam'.

यतव्रते (yatavrate) - O one who has observed vows (referring to Savitri) (O you whose vows are observed, O devoted one)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of yatavrata

yatavrata - one who has observed vows, self-controlled in vows

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yata+vrata)

• yata – restrained, controlled, observed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √yam (to restrain).
  Root: yam (class 1)
• vrata – vow, religious observance
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)