महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-281, verse-29

सतां सकृत्संगतमीप्सितं परं ततः परं मित्रमिति प्रचक्षते ।
न चाफलं सत्पुरुषेण संगतं ततः सतां संनिवसेत्समागमे ॥२९॥

29. satāṁ sakṛtsaṁgatamīpsitaṁ paraṁ; tataḥ paraṁ mitramiti pracakṣate ,
na cāphalaṁ satpuruṣeṇa saṁgataṁ; tataḥ satāṁ saṁnivasetsamāgame.

29. satām sakṛt saṅgatam īpsitam param
tataḥ param mitram iti pracakṣate
na ca aphalam satpuruṣeṇa saṅgatam
tataḥ satām saṃnivaset samāgame

29. "Even a single association (saṅgama) with good people is considered a supreme desire; thereafter, they call it friendship. Association (saṅgama) with a virtuous person (satpuruṣa) is never fruitless. Therefore, one should reside in the gathering of good people."

Words meanings summery:

• सताम् (satām) - of good people (of the good, of the virtuous, of the existing)

• सकृत् (sakṛt) - once, at once, one time

• सङ्गतम् (saṅgatam) - association (saṅgama) (meeting, association, union)

• ईप्सितम् (īpsitam) - desired (desired, wished for, longed for)

• परम् (param) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent)

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter (then, thereafter, therefore, from that)

• परम् (param) - further, then (after, beyond, further, supreme)

• मित्रम् (mitram) - friendship (friend, friendship)

• इति (iti) - thus, so (marks quoted speech or defines something)

• प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate) - they call it (they call, they designate, they declare)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• अफलम् (aphalam) - fruitless (fruitless, useless, without result)

• सत्पुरुषेण (satpuruṣeṇa) - with a virtuous person (satpuruṣa) (by a good person, by a virtuous man)

• सङ्गतम् (saṅgatam) - association (saṅgama) (meeting, association, union)

• ततः (tataḥ) - therefore (then, therefore, from that)

• सताम् (satām) - of good people (of the good, of the virtuous)

• संनिवसेत् (saṁnivaset) - one should reside (one should dwell, one should reside)

• समागमे (samāgame) - in the assembly (in the meeting, in the assembly, in the union)

Words meanings and morphology

सताम् (satām) - of good people (of the good, of the virtuous, of the existing)

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, real

Present Active Participle

From root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used as a substantive meaning 'good people'

सकृत् (sakṛt) - once, at once, one time

(indeclinable)

सङ्गतम् (saṅgatam) - association (saṅgama) (meeting, association, union)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṅgata

saṅgata - met, joined, associated with; an association, meeting

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' with prefix 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

ईप्सितम् (īpsitam) - desired (desired, wished for, longed for)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of īpsita

īpsita - desired, wished, longed for

Past Passive Participle (Desiderative)

From desiderative stem of root 'āp' (to obtain)

Root: āp (class 5)

परम् (param) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, distant, supreme, ultimate, excellent

ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter (then, thereafter, therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

परम् (param) - further, then (after, beyond, further, supreme)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, distant, supreme, ultimate, excellent

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'after that'.

मित्रम् (mitram) - friendship (friend, friendship)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, friendship

इति (iti) - thus, so (marks quoted speech or defines something)

(indeclinable)

प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate) - they call it (they call, they designate, they declare)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of cakṣ

Prefix: pra

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अफलम् (aphalam) - fruitless (fruitless, useless, without result)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aphala

aphala - fruitless, useless, without result

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+phala)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)

सत्पुरुषेण (satpuruṣeṇa) - with a virtuous person (satpuruṣa) (by a good person, by a virtuous man)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of satpuruṣa

satpuruṣa - a good man, a virtuous person, an honest man

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sat+puruṣa)

• sat – good, virtuous, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Participial stem of 'as' (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• puruṣa – man, male, human being, person, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)

सङ्गतम् (saṅgatam) - association (saṅgama) (meeting, association, union)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṅgata

saṅgata - met, joined, associated with; an association, meeting

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' with prefix 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - therefore (then, therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

सताम् (satām) - of good people (of the good, of the virtuous)

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, real

Present Active Participle

From root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used as a substantive meaning 'good people'

संनिवसेत् (saṁnivaset) - one should reside (one should dwell, one should reside)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of vas

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vas (class 1)

समागमे (samāgame) - in the assembly (in the meeting, in the assembly, in the union)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samāgama

samāgama - meeting, assembly, coming together, union

From root 'gam' with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)