महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-281, verse-46

सावित्र्युवाच ।
सतां सदा शाश्वती धर्मवृत्तिः सन्तो न सीदन्ति न च व्यथन्ति ।
सतां सद्भिर्नाफलः संगमोऽस्ति सद्भ्यो भयं नानुवर्तन्ति सन्तः ॥४६॥

46. sāvitryuvāca ,
satāṁ sadā śāśvatī dharmavṛttiḥ; santo na sīdanti na ca vyathanti ,
satāṁ sadbhirnāphalaḥ saṁgamo'sti; sadbhyo bhayaṁ nānuvartanti santaḥ.

46. sāvitrī uvāca satām sadā śāśvatī
dharma-vṛttiḥ santaḥ na sīdanti na ca vyathanti
satām sadbhiḥ na aphalaḥ saṅgamaḥ asti
sadbhyaḥ bhayam na anuvartanti santaḥ

46. Savitri said: The righteous conduct (dharmavṛtti) of the virtuous is always eternal. The good do not despair nor are they troubled. The association of the virtuous with other virtuous people is never without benefit. The virtuous do not cause fear, nor do they themselves succumb to fear.

Words meanings summery:

• सावित्री (sāvitrī) - Savitri (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous

• सदा (sadā) - always, constantly

• शाश्वती (śāśvatī) - eternal, perpetual, permanent

• धर्म-वृत्तिः (dharma-vṛttiḥ) - righteous conduct, moral behavior, adherence to natural law (dharma)

• सन्तः (santaḥ) - the good, the virtuous people

• न (na) - not, no

• सीदन्ति (sīdanti) - they sink, they become distressed, they despair

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• व्यथन्ति (vyathanti) - they are troubled, they suffer pain

• सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous

• सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the good, with the virtuous

• न (na) - not, no

• अफलः (aphalaḥ) - fruitless, useless, without result

• सङ्गमः (saṅgamaḥ) - association, meeting, contact

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• सद्भ्यः (sadbhyaḥ) - from the good, to the good

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear, dread

• न (na) - not, no

• अनुवर्तन्ति (anuvartanti) - they follow, they resort to, they pursue, they succumb to

• सन्तः (santaḥ) - the good, the virtuous people

Words meanings and morphology

सावित्री (sāvitrī) - Savitri (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sāvitrī

sāvitrī - Savitri (daughter of the Sun god Savitr, wife of Satyavan)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac' (2nd class), Perfect Tense, 3rd Person Singular

Root: vac (class 2)

सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existent, good, virtuous, wise

Present Active Participle

Participle of root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: From 'sat', present participle of 'as' (to be).

सदा (sadā) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

शाश्वती (śāśvatī) - eternal, perpetual, permanent

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śāśvata

śāśvata - eternal, perpetual, constant, permanent

Note: Feminine form of śāśvata.

धर्म-वृत्तिः (dharma-vṛttiḥ) - righteous conduct, moral behavior, adherence to natural law (dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dharma-vṛtti

dharma-vṛtti - conduct of dharma, practice of righteousness

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+vṛtti)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, duty, virtue, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vṛtti – conduct, course of action, behavior, mode of life
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'vṛt'
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Compound word.

सन्तः (santaḥ) - the good, the virtuous people

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existent, good, virtuous, wise

Present Active Participle

Participle of root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: From 'sat', present participle of 'as' (to be).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सीदन्ति (sīdanti) - they sink, they become distressed, they despair

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of sad

Present Active

Root 'sad' (1st class), Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural

Root: sad (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

व्यथन्ति (vyathanti) - they are troubled, they suffer pain

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vyath

Present Active

Root 'vyath' (1st class), Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural

Root: vyath (class 1)

सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existent, good, virtuous, wise

Present Active Participle

Participle of root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: From 'sat', present participle of 'as' (to be).

सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the good, with the virtuous

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existent, good, virtuous, wise

Present Active Participle

Participle of root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: From 'sat', present participle of 'as' (to be).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अफलः (aphalaḥ) - fruitless, useless, without result

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aphala

aphala - fruitless, useless, ineffectual

Compound 'a' (negation) + 'phala' (fruit)

Note: 'a' is a negative prefix.

सङ्गमः (saṅgamaḥ) - association, meeting, contact

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṅgama

saṅgama - meeting, union, association, contact

From prefix 'sam' + root 'gam'

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

Root 'as' (2nd class), Present Tense, 3rd Person Singular

Root: as (class 2)

सद्भ्यः (sadbhyaḥ) - from the good, to the good

(adjective)

masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existent, good, virtuous, wise

Present Active Participle

Participle of root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: From 'sat', present participle of 'as' (to be).

भयम् (bhayam) - fear, dread

(noun)

neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, terror

From root 'bhī' (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अनुवर्तन्ति (anuvartanti) - they follow, they resort to, they pursue, they succumb to

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of anuvṛt

Present Active

Prefix 'anu' + root 'vṛt' (1st class), Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural

Prefix: anu

Root: vṛt (class 1)

सन्तः (santaḥ) - the good, the virtuous people

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existent, good, virtuous, wise

Present Active Participle

Participle of root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: From 'sat', present participle of 'as' (to be).