महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-281, verse-5

शूलैरिव शिरो विद्धमिदं संलक्षयाम्यहम् ।
तत्स्वप्तुमिच्छे कल्याणि न स्थातुं शक्तिरस्ति मे ॥५॥

5. śūlairiva śiro viddhamidaṁ saṁlakṣayāmyaham ,
tatsvaptumicche kalyāṇi na sthātuṁ śaktirasti me.

5. śūlaiḥ iva śiraḥ viddham idam saṃlakṣayāmi aham
tat svaptum icche kalyāṇi na sthātum śaktiḥ asti me

5. O blessed one (kalyāṇī), I perceive this head of mine as if it were pierced by spikes. Therefore, I wish to sleep; I do not have the strength (śakti) to stand.

Words meanings summery:

• शूलैः (śūlaiḥ) - by spikes (referring to sharp pains) (by spikes, by sharp pains, by lances)

• इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, as it were)

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - my head (head, top, peak)

• विद्धम् (viddham) - pierced (pierced, struck, wounded)

• इदम् (idam) - this (head) (this, this one)

• संलक्षयामि (saṁlakṣayāmi) - I perceive (I perceive, I notice, I observe)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तत् (tat) - therefore (therefore, so, that)

• स्वप्तुम् (svaptum) - to sleep

• इच्छे (icche) - I wish (I wish, I desire)

• कल्याणि (kalyāṇi) - O blessed one (kalyāṇī) (O auspicious one, O blessed one)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stand (to stand, to stay)

• शक्तिः (śaktiḥ) - strength (śakti) (power, strength, ability)

• अस्ति (asti) - is (present) (is, exists)

• मे (me) - to me, for me (implying 'I have no strength') (my, to me, for me)

Words meanings and morphology

शूलैः (śūlaiḥ) - by spikes (referring to sharp pains) (by spikes, by sharp pains, by lances)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śūla

śūla - spike, spear, lance, sharp pain, acute disease

Note: Indicates the instrument or manner of being pierced.

इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, as it were)

(indeclinable)

Note: Compares the sensation to being pierced by spikes.

शिरः (śiraḥ) - my head (head, top, peak)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak, summit

Note: Acts as the object of the participle 'viddham'.

विद्धम् (viddham) - pierced (pierced, struck, wounded)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viddha

viddha - pierced, struck, wounded, hit, vexed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vyadh' (to pierce, strike). Neuter form.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'śiraḥ' and 'idam'.

इदम् (idam) - this (head) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'śiraḥ', acting as a demonstrative pronoun.

संलक्षयामि (saṁlakṣayāmi) - I perceive (I perceive, I notice, I observe)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of saṃ-lakṣ

Present tense, active voice, 1st person singular, from root 'lakṣ' with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Subject of 'saṃlakṣayāmi'.

तत् (tat) - therefore (therefore, so, that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the consequence (desire to sleep) to the previous statement.

स्वप्तुम् (svaptum) - to sleep

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed from root 'svap' with infinitive suffix '-tum'.

Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Expressed as the object of 'icche'.

इच्छे (icche) - I wish (I wish, I desire)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present tense, active voice, 1st person singular, from root 'iṣ'.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the desire clause.

कल्याणि (kalyāṇi) - O blessed one (kalyāṇī) (O auspicious one, O blessed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of kalyāṇī

kalyāṇī - auspicious, propitious, blessed, beautiful (feminine)

Feminine form of 'kalyāṇa' (auspicious, good).

Note: Addressed to the wife.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'asti'.

स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stand (to stand, to stay)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed from root 'sthā' with infinitive suffix '-tum'.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Expresses the action for which strength is lacking.

शक्तिः (śaktiḥ) - strength (śakti) (power, strength, ability)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, strength, ability, energy, faculty, divine energy, spouse of a god

From root 'śak' (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Subject of 'asti'.

अस्ति (asti) - is (present) (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense, active voice, 3rd person singular, from root 'as'.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Copula verb.

मे (me) - to me, for me (implying 'I have no strength') (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Dative of possession or interest: 'there is no strength to me'.