महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-281, verse-47

सन्तो हि सत्येन नयन्ति सूर्यं सन्तो भूमिं तपसा धारयन्ति ।
सन्तो गतिर्भूतभव्यस्य राजन्सतां मध्ये नावसीदन्ति सन्तः ॥४७॥

47. santo hi satyena nayanti sūryaṁ; santo bhūmiṁ tapasā dhārayanti ,
santo gatirbhūtabhavyasya rāja;nsatāṁ madhye nāvasīdanti santaḥ.

47. santaḥ hi satyena nayanti sūryam
santaḥ bhūmim tapasā dhārayanti
santaḥ gatiḥ bhūta-bhavyasya rājan
satām madhye na avasīdanti santaḥ

47. Indeed, the virtuous move the sun by truth, and they sustain the earth through their austerity (tapas). O King, the virtuous are the refuge for all that has been and all that will be. Among the virtuous, good people never despair.

Words meanings summery:

• सन्तः (santaḥ) - the good, the virtuous people

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• सत्येन (satyena) - by truth, by honesty

• नयन्ति (nayanti) - they lead, they guide, they cause to move

• सूर्यम् (sūryam) - the sun

• सन्तः (santaḥ) - the good, the virtuous people

• भूमिम् (bhūmim) - the earth, ground

• तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity (tapas), by asceticism

• धारयन्ति (dhārayanti) - they hold, they support, they sustain

• सन्तः (santaḥ) - the good, the virtuous people

• गतिः (gatiḥ) - movement, course, refuge, ultimate state, destination

• भूत-भव्यस्य (bhūta-bhavyasya) - of past and future, of all beings, of all existence

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the midst, among, in the middle

• न (na) - not, no

• अवसीदन्ति (avasīdanti) - they sink down, they despair, they become dejected

• सन्तः (santaḥ) - the good, the virtuous people

Words meanings and morphology

सन्तः (santaḥ) - the good, the virtuous people

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existent, good, virtuous, wise

Present Active Participle

Participle of root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: From 'sat', present participle of 'as' (to be).

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

सत्येन (satyena) - by truth, by honesty

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, honesty

नयन्ति (nayanti) - they lead, they guide, they cause to move

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of nī

Present Active

Root 'nī' (1st class), Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural

Root: nī (class 1)

सूर्यम् (sūryam) - the sun

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - the sun, sun god

सन्तः (santaḥ) - the good, the virtuous people

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existent, good, virtuous, wise

Present Active Participle

Participle of root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: From 'sat', present participle of 'as' (to be).

भूमिम् (bhūmim) - the earth, ground

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, soil

तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity (tapas), by asceticism

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, asceticism, heat, penance, spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

धारयन्ति (dhārayanti) - they hold, they support, they sustain

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of dhāraya

Causative Present Active

Causative of root 'dhṛ' (1st class), Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सन्तः (santaḥ) - the good, the virtuous people

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existent, good, virtuous, wise

Present Active Participle

Participle of root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: From 'sat', present participle of 'as' (to be).

गतिः (gatiḥ) - movement, course, refuge, ultimate state, destination

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, path, refuge, state, destination

From root 'gam'

Root: gam (class 1)

भूत-भव्यस्य (bhūta-bhavyasya) - of past and future, of all beings, of all existence

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of bhūta-bhavya

bhūta-bhavya - past and future, all beings, creation

Compound type : dvandva (bhūta+bhavya)

• bhūta – past, happened, being, creature
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'bhū' (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• bhavya – future, what is to be, well-being
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root 'bhū' (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Compound of past participle 'bhūta' and gerundive 'bhavya'.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existent, good, virtuous, wise

Present Active Participle

Participle of root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: From 'sat', present participle of 'as' (to be).

मध्ये (madhye) - in the midst, among, in the middle

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative singular of madhya, used as an adverbial indeclinable.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अवसीदन्ति (avasīdanti) - they sink down, they despair, they become dejected

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of avasad

Present Active

Prefix 'ava' + root 'sad' (1st class), Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural

Prefix: ava

Root: sad (class 1)

सन्तः (santaḥ) - the good, the virtuous people

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existent, good, virtuous, wise

Present Active Participle

Participle of root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: From 'sat', present participle of 'as' (to be).